Comparative study on safety of linezolid and vancomycin in the treatment of infants and neonates for Gram-positive bacterial infections

Shibata, Yuichi; Yamagishi, Yuka; Mikamo, Hiroshige; Kato, Hideo; Nishiyama, Naoya; Asai, Nobuhiro; Matsuura, Keiichi; Suematsu, Hiroyuki; Hagihara, Mao

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2018.04.006

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most common side effects of Linezolid include gastrointestinal disorders, headache, rash, liver dysfunction, optic and peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, lactic acidosis. Those side effects usually occur after prolonged administration and disappear after linezolid discontinuation [3,4]. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing an association between linezolid administration and a transitory ECG QTc interval prolongation in a preterm born infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Linezolid administration is currently used in adults when the infection is due to staphylococcus strains resistant to vancomycin, as the drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration since 2002. Contrarywise, the clinical experience with linezolid in the pediatric population is still limited [1][2][3][4]. There are age-related characteristics in the pharmacokinetic parameters of linezolid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staphylococcal meningitis therapy with linezolid in a young infant: efficacy, CSF levels and side effects

et al. 2020

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Background: Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic which is active against most Gram-positive bacteria, especially on Staphylococcus aureus. Its administration can be required when the infection is due to staphylococcus strains, which are resistant to vancomycin. Although mostly well tolerated, some mild to moderate side effects have been reported.Case presentation: This case report describes an infant with multiloculated hydrocephalus, staphylococcal meningitis and prolonged linezolid therapy, in which we observed the association between linezolid administration and a lengthened QTc interval at the electrocardiogram (ECG). To rule out toxic levels during the therapy, plasma and cerebro-spinal fluid concentrations of linezolid were measured and reported. Conclusions: Although generally well tolerated in neonates and infants, linezolid prolonged administration seems be able to cause QTc interval prolongation. Therefore, its administration in such patients should be limited to cases of bacterial resistance to other antibiotics. In addition to well-known close monitoring of the platelet level, we suggest serial ECG controls before and during linezolid administration. In the case we report, linezolid plasma concentrations resulted within the therapeutic range during therapy, while cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations appeared lower than those considered effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal meningitis therapy with linezolid in a young infant: efficacy, CSF levels and side effects

et al. 2020

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“…Hence from all these observations, it was concluded that the metal complexes of the thiosemicarbazone is a potent biological agent and the activity difference of C1 and C2 also shows the structural activity relationship due to the difference in terminal N-substitution of thiosemicarbazone especially the morpholine which is the terminal substituent of C2. Morpholine is a well-known pharmacophore and, several morpholine containing drugs with potential antibacterial [39] and anticancer [40] activities were reported. This can be attributed to the high activity of C2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Biomolecular Interaction Studies and Cytotoxic Activities of Newly Synthesised Copper(II) Complexes Bearing 2‐Hydroxynaphthaldehyde‐Based Thiosemicarbazone

et al. 2018

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Two new thiosemicarbazone ligands of 2‐hydroxynaphthldehyde (L1 and L2) and their square planar Cu(II) complexes (C1 and C2) have been synthesised. The ligands and complexes were characterised by various spectroscopic technique (UV‐Visible spectra, FT IR (ATR), 1H & 13C NMR, ESI mass and EPR spectra). The molecular structure of ligands (L1 and L2) and complex (C2) were confirmed by single crystal X‐ray crystallography. C2 showed a slightly distorted square planar geometry. The in vitro DNA and protein (BSA) binding assay of these complexes were conducted using electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra methods. In both cases, C2 showed stronger binding ability than C1. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the Cu(II) complexes towards lung cancer (A549) cell line and human kidney (HEK‐293 T) cancer cell lines were investigated, where complex C2 showed high cytotoxicity while maintaining low toxicity towards non‐cancer originated cell line i. e., HEK‐293 T. The mechanism of cell death by complex C1 and C2 has been inspected using Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) staining, flow cytometry and ROS generation studies. This study offers a new perspective on the role and importance of the terminal [N(4)] substitution of thiosemicarbazone on the medicinal properties of copper(II) thiosemicarbazone complexes.

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“…On the other hand, linezolid is associated with more thrombocytopenia and anemia than vancomycin [8, 18-20, 22, 28]. Thus, it is recommended to monitor platelets and hemoglobin levels during linezolid treatment [18,20]. Pediatric and adult literature have reported the following side effects of linezolid: peripheral and optic neuropathy [11,29]; cataract [28]; hyperlactatemia [19,29,30]; serotonin syndrome [29]; and dental discoloration [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In December 2000, linezolid was approved for use in preterm infants in the USA [8,13], but it is still off-label in few European countries [16,17]. The available supporting evidence for its use in preterm infants is based on one small open-label randomized clinical trial [18], case series [19][20][21][22][23], and case reports [13,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linezolid Add-On Rescue Therapy Cured MRSA Necrotizing Pneumonia: A Case Report in a Preterm Infant

Al-Omran¹,

Al-Abdi²,

Al-Amer³

2020

Preprint

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Necrotizing pneumonia due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is devastating and difficult to treat in preterm infants. We report a case of severe MRSA necrotizing pneumonia in a preterm infant. As an add-on rescue therapy to vancomycin, linezolid rapidly cured this case after the failure of vancomycin plus rifampicin. This rapid cure suggests that adjunctive rather than rescue linezolid may be considered in such cases.

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Comparative study on safety of linezolid and vancomycin in the treatment of infants and neonates for Gram-positive bacterial infections

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Staphylococcal meningitis therapy with linezolid in a young infant: efficacy, CSF levels and side effects

Staphylococcal meningitis therapy with linezolid in a young infant: efficacy, CSF levels and side effects

In Vitro Biomolecular Interaction Studies and Cytotoxic Activities of Newly Synthesised Copper(II) Complexes Bearing 2‐Hydroxynaphthaldehyde‐Based Thiosemicarbazone

Linezolid Add-On Rescue Therapy Cured MRSA Necrotizing Pneumonia: A Case Report in a Preterm Infant

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