Comparative Susceptibility ofOchlerotatus japonicus,Ochlerotatus triseriatus, Aedes albopictus,andAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae) to La Crosse Virus

Bara, Jeffrey J.; Aj, Parker; Muturi, Ephantus J.

doi:10.1093/jme/tjw097

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These community level changes can significantly alter vector-borne disease risk for many pathosystems. Aedes albopictus readily bites humans, and is a competent vector of myriad pathogens of global human health concern, including dengue virus, West Nile virus, chikungunya virus, and Zika virus [41,51], as well as pathogens of focal concern in North Carolina, including La Crosse virus [52,53]. The overall community simplification and increasing abundance of Ae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplification of vector communities during suburban succession

et al. 2019

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Suburbanization is happening rapidly on a global scale, resulting in changes to the species assemblages present in previously undeveloped areas of land. Community-level changes after anthropogenic land-use change have been studied in a variety of organisms, but the effects on arthropods of medical and veterinary importance remain poorly characterized. Shifts in diversity, abundance, and community composition of such arthropods, like mosquitoes, can significantly impact vector-borne disease dynamics due to varying vectorial capacity between different species. In light of these potential implications for vector-borne diseases, we investigated changes in mosquito species assemblage after suburbanization by sampling mosquitoes in neighborhoods of different ages in Wake County, North Carolina, US. We found that independent of housing density and socioeconomic status, mosquito diversity measures decreased as suburban neighborhoods aged. In the oldest neighborhoods, the mosquito assemblage reached a distinct suburban climax community dominated by the invasive, peridomestic container-breeding Aedes albopictus , the Asian tiger mosquito. Aedes albopictus is a competent vector of many pathogens of human concern, and its dominance in suburban areas places it in close proximity with humans, allowing for heightened potential of host-vector interactions. While further research is necessary to explicitly characterize the effects of mosquito community simplification on vector-borne disease transmission in highly suburbanized areas, the current study demonstrates that suburbanization is disrupting mosquito communities so severely that they do not recover their diversity even 100 years after the initial disturbance. Our understanding of the community-level effects of anthropogenic land-use change on arthropod vectors will become increasingly important as we look to mitigate disease spread in a global landscape that is continually developed and altered by humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplification of vector communities during suburban succession

et al. 2019

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“…albopictus and Aedes geniculatus , with increasing number of mature follicles with increasing wing lengths [ 16 ]. For La Crosse virus infection, it was shown that female wing length of the Asian bush mosquito has no significant effect on the infection status [ 60 ]. The Asian bush mosquito is considered to be a minor vector for arbovirus transmission, and no wild-caught adult female was found to carry pathogens so far in Germany.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal experiments with the Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus japonicus) (Diptera: Culicidae) and implications for its distribution in Germany

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAs ectothermic animals, temperature influences insects in almost every aspect. The potential disease spreading Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus japonicus) is native to temperate East Asia but invasive in several parts of the world. We report on the previously poorly understood temperature-dependence of its life history under laboratory conditions to understand invasion processes and to model temperature niches.ResultsTo evaluate winter survival, eggs were exposed between 1 day and 14 days to low temperatures (5 °C, 0 °C, -5 °C and -9 °C). Hatching success was drastically decreased after exposure to 0 °C and -5 °C, and the minimal hatching success of 0% was reached at -9 °C after two days. We then exposed larvae to 14 temperatures and assessed their life trait parameters. Larval survival to adulthood was only possible between 10 °C and 31 °C. Based on this, we modelled the optimal (25 °C), minimal (7 °C) and maximal (31 °C) temperature for cumulative female survival. The time to adult emergence ranges from 12 days to 58 days depending on temperature. We used an age-at-emergence-temperature model to calculate the number of potential generations per year for the Asian bush mosquito in Germany with an average of 4.72 potential generations. At lower temperatures, individuals grew larger than at higher temperatures with female R1 length ranging from 3.04 ± 0.1 mm at 31 °C to 4.26 ± 0.2 mm at 15 °C.ConclusionsReduced egg hatch after exposure to sub-zero temperatures prohibits the establishment of the Asian bush mosquito in large parts of Germany. Larval overwintering is not possible at temperature ≤ 5 °C. The many potential generations displayed per year may contribute to the species’ invasion success. This study on the thermal ecology of the Asian bush mosquito adds to our knowledge on the temperature dependence of the species and data could be incorporated in epidemiological and population dynamic modelling.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2659-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…aegypti mosquitoes were more susceptible to DENV infection, resulting in higher dissemination rates (frequency at which an arbovirus can infect and replicate in the midgut epithelial cells and cross over into the hemocoel) ([ 256 ], but see [ 257 ]). In contrast, a recent vector competence study of LACV in field collected Ochlerotatus triseriatus mosquitoes showed the opposite result, where infected females were larger than uninfected ones [ 258 ]. Increased larval competition also resulted in increased DENV infection rates in Ae.…”

Section: Other Sources Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Natural Variation in Resistance to Virus Infection in Dipteran Insects

Palmer

Varghese

Rij

2018

Viruses

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The power and ease of Drosophila genetics and the medical relevance of mosquito-transmitted viruses have made dipterans important model organisms in antiviral immunology. Studies of virus–host interactions at the molecular and population levels have illuminated determinants of resistance to virus infection. Here, we review the sources and nature of variation in antiviral immunity and virus susceptibility in model dipteran insects, specifically the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and vector mosquitoes of the genera Aedes and Culex. We first discuss antiviral immune mechanisms and describe the virus-specificity of these responses. In the following sections, we review genetic and microbiota-dependent variation in antiviral immunity. In the final sections, we explore less well-studied sources of variation, including abiotic factors, sexual dimorphism, infection history, and endogenous viral elements. We borrow from work on other pathogen types and non-dipteran species when it parallels or complements studies in dipterans. Understanding natural variation in virus–host interactions may lead to the identification of novel restriction factors and immune mechanisms and shed light on the molecular determinants of vector competence.

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Comparative Susceptibility ofOchlerotatus japonicus,Ochlerotatus triseriatus, Aedes albopictus,andAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae) to La Crosse Virus

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Simplification of vector communities during suburban succession

Simplification of vector communities during suburban succession

Thermal experiments with the Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus japonicus) (Diptera: Culicidae) and implications for its distribution in Germany

Natural Variation in Resistance to Virus Infection in Dipteran Insects

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