Comparing monolithic and fused core HPLC columns for fast chromatographic analysis of fat-soluble vitamins

Abstract

HPLC stationary phases of monolithic and fused core type can be used to achieve fast chromatographic separation as an alternative to UPLC. In this study, monolithic and fused core stationary phases are compared for fast separation of four fat-soluble vitamins. Three new methods on the first and second generation monolithic silica RP-18e columns and a fused core pentafluoro-phenyl propyl column were developed. Application of three fused core columns offered comparable separations of retinyl palmitate, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, cholecalciferol and menadione in terms of elution speed and separation efficiency. Separation was achieved in approx. 5 min with good resolution (R s > 5) and precision (RSD ≤ 0.6 %). Monolithic columns showed, however, a higher number of theoretical plates, better precision and lower column backpressure than the fused core column. The three developed methods were successfully applied to separate and quantitate fat-soluble vitamins in commercial products.Keywords: monolithic silica column, fused core column, HPLC, fat-soluble vitamins, analytical performance There is an increasing demand for fast chromatographic methods suitable for routine analyses with low analysis cost. So far, HPLC is the main instrumental technique used widely for the separation and quantification of drugs. Accordingly, there is an enormous need for highly efficient, selective LC columns to provide faster and more precise analyses, especially for high throughput samples in research laboratories and pharmaceutical industry. Three approaches are currently in competition to achieve fast chromatographic analysis UPLC (ultra performance liquid chromatography), fused core columns and monolithic columns, attached to HPLC (1, 2).UPLC relies on the use of short columns with sub-2-μm particles. The UPLC instrument is designed to resist pressure up to 1.5 × 10 8 Pa, which exceeds the pressure limits for SAID EL KURDI 1

Chiral Monolithic Silica-Based HPLC Columns for Enantiomeric Separation and Determination: Functionalization of Chiral Selector and Recognition of Selector-Selectand Interaction

“…The low mass transfer resistance compared to conventional particle-packed column decrease the negative impact on resolution at high flow rate. It is worth noting that the acquisition rate of the detector should be re-adjusted to 200 ms or less to compensate the fast passage of the compounds through the detection cell at the high flow rate [33,[39][40][41]. As with particle-packed columns, monolithic columns are compatible for LC-MS and LC-MS/MS with or without post column split [42,43].…”

Separation of some vitamins in reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography and pressurized planar electrochromatography with eluent containing surfactant

“…For example, the UPLC technique linked with MS/MS detection allowed identifying water-soluble vitamins in paediatric syrup 7 . Furthermore, a comparison of the application of various stationary phases HPLC to separation four fat-soluble vitamins was presented in 8 . In addition, a mixture of fat-soluble vitamins and antioxidants in biological fluids during the single-step process of RP-HPLC was separated by Lazzarino and co-workers 9 .…”

Core–shell particles and monolithic columns; tools for simultaneous LC analysis of avanafil, sildenafil, apomorphine, trazodone, yohimbine, tramadol and dapoxetine in pharmaceutical dosage forms, counterfeit products and human plasma

“…Several papers described and compared the conventional totally porous reversed phase particles to these new morphologies. [13][14][15] However, new trends in developing efficient, economical and faster, together with greener analysis methods utilized these new stationary phase morphologies on the conventional HPLC systems.…”