Comparing turbulent parameters obtained from LITOS and radiosonde measurements

Schneider, Andreas; Gerding, M.; Lübken, Franz‐Josef

doi:10.5194/acp-15-2159-2015

Cited by 35 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As noted in Bellenger et al (), considering that ε is linearly dependent on C K , the difference between C K = 0.3 and 1.0 changes ε by a factor of 3. On the other hand, several studies have shown that the value of C K appears over a wide range (Balsley et al, ; Fritts et al, ; Schneider et al, ). Schneider et al () estimated L T and L O on the same balloon from radiosonde and LITOS, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, several studies have shown that the value of C K appears over a wide range (Balsley et al, ; Fritts et al, ; Schneider et al, ). Schneider et al () estimated L T and L O on the same balloon from radiosonde and LITOS, respectively. From this estimation, C K was found to be widely distributed over 2 orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Atmospheric Turbulence Retrieved From High Vertical‐Resolution Radiosonde Data in the United States

Chun

Wilson

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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In this study, we estimate atmospheric turbulence in the free atmosphere in terms of the Thorpe scale (LT) and eddy dissipation rate (ε) using U.S. high vertical‐resolution radiosonde data over 4 years (September 2012 to August 2016) at 68 operational stations. In addition, same calculations are conducted for 12 years (October 2005 to September 2017) at four stations among the 68 stations. These high vertical‐resolution radiosonde data have a vertical resolution of approximately 5 m and extend to an altitude of approximately 33 km, and thus, turbulence can be retrieved in the entire troposphere and lower stratosphere. There are thicker and stronger turbulent layers in the troposphere than in the stratosphere, with mean ε values of 1.84 × 10−4 and 1.37 × 10−4 m2/s3 in the troposphere and stratosphere, respectively. The vertical structure of ε exhibits strong seasonal variations, especially in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, with the largest ε values in summer and the smallest in winter. In the horizontal distribution of ε, large ε is seen mainly above the mountainous region in the troposphere, but this pattern is not seen in the stratosphere. Although ε is estimated by the square of LT multiplied by the cube of the Brunt‐Väisälä frequency (N), the regions of large ε are matched with large LT regions where N is relatively small. For the time series of ε near the tropopause for 12 years at four stations, an annual variation is prominent at all stations without significant interannual variations. There is, however, a slightly increasing trend of ε at two stations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Atmospheric Turbulence Retrieved From High Vertical‐Resolution Radiosonde Data in the United States

Chun

Wilson

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Due to the importance of turbulence in atmospheric dynamics, a wealth of theoretical and experimental efforts has been carried out to identify the generation mechanisms, which are not fully quantified or understood (Wyngaard, 1992;Lübken, 1992Lübken, , 1997Müllemann et al, 2003;Rapp et al, 2004;Sharman et al, 2012;Schneider et al, 2015;Fritts et al, 2016, e.g.). According to the theory described above, turbulence is under the influence of shear and buoyancy forces, but not only of those.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yagi and Yasuda, 2013;Mater et al, 2013). Some studies in the atmosphere also exist (Gavrilov et al, 2005;Wilson et al, 2014;Schneider et al, 2015). From the proportionality between L T and L O , one obtains for the determination of dissipation rates…”

Section: Derivation Of ε From Radiosonde Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of turbulent energy dissipation rate with the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY) and radiosondes at Andøya, Norway

Rapp

Schrön

et al. 2016

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. We present the derivation of turbulent energy dissipation rate ε from a total of 522 days of observations with the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar SYstem (MAARSY) mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radar running tropospheric experiments during the period of 2010-2013 as well as with balloon-borne radiosondes based on a campaign in the summer 2013. Spectral widths are converted to ε after the removal of the broadening effects due to the finite beam width of the radar. With the simultaneous in situ measurements of ε with balloon-borne radiosondes at the MAARSY radar site, we compare the ε values derived from both techniques and reach an encouraging agreement between them. Using all the radar data available, we present a preliminary climatology of atmospheric turbulence in the UTLS (upper troposphere and lower stratosphere) region above the MAARSY site showing a variability of more than 5 orders of magnitude inherent in turbulent energy dissipation rates. The derived ε values reveal a log-normal distribution with a negative skewness, and the ε profiles show an increase with height which is also the case for each individual month. Atmospheric turbulence based on our radar measurements reveals a seasonal variation but no clear diurnal variation in the UTLS region. Comparison of ε with the gradient Richardson number Ri shows that only 1.7 % of all the data with turbulence occur under the condition of Ri < 1 and that the values of ε under the condition of Ri < 1 are significantly larger than those under Ri > 1. Further, there is a roughly negative correlation between ε and Ri that is independent of the scale dependence of Ri. Turbulence under active dynamical conditions (velocity of horizontal wind U > 10 m s −1 ) is significantly stronger than under quiet conditions (U < 10 m s −1 ). Last but not least, the derived ε values are compared with the corresponding vertical shears of background wind velocity showing a linear relation with a corresponding correlation coefficient r = 58 % well above the 99.9 % significance level. This implies that wind shears play an important role in the turbulence generation in the troposphere and lower stratosphere (through the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability).

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“…It is known that the ratio, however, has a large uncertainty (0.25–4), which leads to the uncertainty of ε with 2 orders of magnitude. Schneider et al () derived vertical profiles of ε with a balloon‐borne anemometer at a sampling rate of 8 kHz and compared them with estimates from the Thorpe analysis. They showed that the proportional coefficient had quite a broad range, whereas the most probable value of ( L O / L T ) 2 is 0.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimate of Turbulent Energy Dissipation Rate From the VHF Radar and Radiosonde Observations in the Antarctic

et al. 2019

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This study estimated the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates (TKEDRs) from 1‐year observations of the Program of the Antarctic Syowa Mesosphere‐Stratosphere‐Troposphere/Incoherent Scatter radar (PANSY radar) from October 2015 to September 2016 and compared the results with estimates from radiosonde measurements based on Thorpe's method. The radar‐based estimates showed that the TKEDR at Syowa Station was on the order of 10−5–10−3 m2/s3 in the altitude range of 1.5–19 km. Taking the proportional constant for Thorpe's method (the ratio of the Thorpe scale to Ozmidov scale) as unity, the radiosonde‐based measurements show values of TKEDR larger than radar‐based estimates by a factor of 2–5. The difference in the TKEDR between radiosonde‐ and radar‐based estimates is larger in the middle and upper troposphere than in the stratosphere. According to previous observational and numerical studies, Thorpe's method tends to overestimate the TKEDR for deep overturning layers. It is confirmed that the depth of the overturning layer is negatively correlated with the difference between radiosonde‐ and radar‐based estimates. The seasonal variation was also examined. An analysis using the distance from the local tropopause level showed that the local maximum in the TKEDR around the tropopause is particularly clear in austral summer. This is likely connected to the seasonality in the gravity wave activity in the Antarctic stratosphere.

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Comparing turbulent parameters obtained from LITOS and radiosonde measurements

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Characteristics of Atmospheric Turbulence Retrieved From High Vertical‐Resolution Radiosonde Data in the United States

Characteristics of Atmospheric Turbulence Retrieved From High Vertical‐Resolution Radiosonde Data in the United States

Derivation of turbulent energy dissipation rate with the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY) and radiosondes at Andøya, Norway

Estimate of Turbulent Energy Dissipation Rate From the VHF Radar and Radiosonde Observations in the Antarctic

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