Comparing unamended and Fe-coated biochar on removal efficiency of bacteria, microspheres, and dissolved phosphorus in sand filters

Bolster, Carl H.

doi:10.1007/s42773-021-00100-7

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Yusuf, using a slow sand filter, reduced E. coli present in water by 69% [26]. On the other hand, Bolster removed 23-42% E. coli, Enterococci, and Salmonella when using a sand filter but when he used an activated carbon-coated sand filter, the efficiency increased to 48-80% [27]. Bagundol et al [28] reported that the effectiveness of the removal of microorganisms through a sand filter depended on the depth filter material, biofilm layers and flow rate water through the filter, while concluding that the sand filter will not remove completely microorganisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Swimming Pool Backwash Water Recovery System with the Use of Filter Tubes

Studziński

Poćwiardowski

Osińska³

2021

Molecules

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During the operation of swimming pools, large losses of water from the backwash of swimming pool filters are observed. This water is often discharged into sewers or used to sprinkle sports grounds. The aim of the research was to design and build an installation for purification and recovery of backwash water (BWW). It consists of flocculation, pre-filtration, and ultrafiltration based on filter tubes and ozone disinfection. Backwash water treatment installation contributes to purification and improvement of water quality. The effectiveness of the removal of microbial contamination with the use of the system was over 99%. The high efficiency of removing physicochemical impurities was also achieved. Water turbidity was reduced from 96.9 NTU to 0.13 NTU. After using the system, the oxidability of water decreased from 6.26 mg O2∙dm−3 to 0.4 mg O2∙dm−3. When using the system, a reduction of total organic carbon by 80% was also noticed. After the treatment process, water meets the strict criteria and can be returned to the pool system of water as fresh water with parameters of supply water—directly to the overflow tank. It has been shown that up to 96% of water can be recovered with the technology. The cost comparison showed annual savings of over EUR 9000.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Swimming Pool Backwash Water Recovery System with the Use of Filter Tubes

Studziński

Poćwiardowski

Osińska³

2021

Molecules

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“…Thermal conversion of biomass waste into biochar often produces low-cost adsorbents (Ippolito et al 2020;Shaheen et al 2022b). Biochar and other biomass-derived carbon materials are widely used for soil remediation (Hu et al 2020;Papageorgiou et al 2021;Bolster 2021;Shaheen et al 2023) and water purification (Heo et al 2019;Jie et al 2019;Huang et al 2019;Peng et al 2022). However, conventional carbon materials, including biochar, have limited sorption ability to anionic pollutants because of the high negative charges on their surfaces under conditions of non-optimal pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-assembled MgO-coated tea waste biochar efficiently decontaminates phosphate from water and kitchen waste fermentation liquid

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2023

Biochar

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Crystal morphology of metal oxides in engineered metal-biochar composites governs the removal of phosphorus (P) from aqueous solutions. Up to our best knowledge, preparation of bio-assembled MgO-coated biochar and its application for the removal of P from solutions and kitchen waste fermentation liquids have not yet been studied. Therefore, in this study, a needle-like MgO particle coated tea waste biochar composite (MTC) was prepared through a novel biological assembly and template elimination process. The produced MTC was used as an adsorbent for removing P from a synthetic solution and real kitchen waste fermentation liquid. The maximum P sorption capacities of the MTC, deduced from the Langmuir model, were 58.80 mg g−1 from the solution at pH 7 and 192.8 mg g−1 from the fermentation liquid at pH 9. The increase of ionic strength (0–0.1 mol L−1 NaNO3) reduced P removal efficiency from 98.53% to 93.01% in the synthetic solution but had no significant impact on P removal from the fermentation liquid. Precipitation of MgHPO4 and Mg(H2PO4)2 (76.5%), ligand exchange (18.0%), and electrostatic attraction (5.5%) were the potential mechanisms for P sorption from the synthetic solution, while struvite formation (57.6%) and ligand exchange (42.2%) governed the sorption of P from the kitchen waste fermentation liquid. Compared to previously reported MgO-biochar composites, MTC had a lower P sorption capacity in phosphate solution but a higher P sorption capacity in fermentation liquid. Therefore, the studied MTC could be used as an effective candidate for the removal of P from aqueous environments, and especially from the fermentation liquids. In the future, it will be necessary to systematically compare the performance of metal-biochar composites with different metal oxide crystal morphology for P removal from different types of wastewater. Graphical Abstract

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Removal of toxic elements from aqueous environments using nano zero-valent iron- and iron oxide-modified biochar: a review

Shaheen

Mosa

Natasha

et al. 2022

Biochar

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Biochar (BC) has gained attention for removal of toxic elements (TEs) from aqueous media; however, pristine biochar often exhibits low adsorption capability. Thus, various modification strategies in BC have been developed to improve its removal capability against TEs. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and iron oxides (FeOx) have been used as sorbents for TE removal. However, these materials are prone to agglomeration and also expensive, which make their usage limited for large-scale applications. The nZVI technical demerits could be resolved by the development of BC-based composite sorbents through the loading of nZVI or FeOx onto BC surface. Nano zero-valent iron modified BC (nZVIBC), FeOx-modified BC (FeOxBC) have attracted attention for their capability in removing pollutants from the aqueous phases. Nonetheless, a potential use of nZVIBC and FeOxBC for TE removal from aqueous environments has not been well-realized or reviewed. As such, this article reviews: (i) the preparation and characterization of nZVIBC and FeOxBC; (ii) the capacity of nZVIBC and FeOxBC for TE retention in line with their physicochemical properties, and (iii) TE removal mechanisms by nZVIBC and FeOxBC. Adopting nZVI and FeOx in BC increases its sporptive capability of TEs due to surface modifications in morphology, functional groups, and elemental composition. The combined effects of BC and nZVI, FeOx or Fe salts on the sorption of TEs are complex because they are very specific to TEs. This review identified significant opportunities for research and technology advancement of nZVIBC and FeOxBC as novel and effective sorbents for the remediation of TEs contaminated water.

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Comparing unamended and Fe-coated biochar on removal efficiency of bacteria, microspheres, and dissolved phosphorus in sand filters

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Application of the Swimming Pool Backwash Water Recovery System with the Use of Filter Tubes

Application of the Swimming Pool Backwash Water Recovery System with the Use of Filter Tubes

Bio-assembled MgO-coated tea waste biochar efficiently decontaminates phosphate from water and kitchen waste fermentation liquid

Removal of toxic elements from aqueous environments using nano zero-valent iron- and iron oxide-modified biochar: a review

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