Comparison between curcumin and all‑trans retinoic acid in the osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

The use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has great potential in cell therapy, particularly in the orthopedic field. BMSCs represent a valuable renewable cell source that have been successfully utilized to treat damaged skeletal tissue and bone defects. BMSCs can be induced to differentiate into osteogenic lineages via the addition of inducers to the growth medium. The present study examined the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and curcumin on the osteogenic differentiation of mouse BMSCs. Morphological changes, the expression levels of the bone-associated gene markers bone morphogenetic protein 2, runt-related transcription factor and osterix during differentiation, an in vitro mineralization assay, and changes in osteocalcin expression revealed that curcumin supplementation promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. By contrast, the application of ATRA increased osteogenic differentiation during the early stages, but during the later stages, it decreased the mineralization of differentiated cells. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to examine the effect of curcumin on the osteogenic potency of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) after reprogramming with human lim mineralization protein (hLMP-3), which is a positive osteogenic regulator. The results revealed that curcumin-supplemented culture medium increased hLMP-3 osteogenic potency compared with that of MEFs cultured in the non-supplemented medium. The present results demonstrate that enrichment of the osteogenic culture medium with curcumin, a natural osteogenic inducer, increased the osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs as well as that of MEFs reprogrammed with hLMP-3.

Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Curcumin-Containing Nanoscaffolds

“…In this regard, studies on curcumin formulations indicated that it can be used to improve its transdifferentiation. The experimental results showed that curcumin considerably improved hLMP-3 osteogenic function and cell transdifferentiation action through the enrichment of differentiation medium with curcumin [21].…”

The Effect of Curcumin on the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Mesodermal Lineage

“…Furthermore, curcumin was found to not only increase osteogenic differentiation but also improve its transdifferentiation. The enrichment of differentiation medium (DMEM with 15% FBS) of mouse embryonic fibroblasts with 15 µM curcumin dissolved in DMSO and co-treatment with human LIM mineralization protein 3 (hLMP-3), a positive regulator of bone formation, resulted in improved hLMP-3 osteogenic potency and cell transdifferentiation processes [48]. According to Jain et al, the controlled release of curcumin from polymer scaffolds resulted in the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts seeded onto the platform.…”

“…In case of osteogenic differentiation, curcumin with varying concentrations up to 20 µM shows an inhibition of osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, while the optimal dose for the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation was found to be 10 µM [48,72,73,74]. This optimum curcumin dosage is also reported to up-regulate HO-1 expression, induce ER stress markers, and finally, induce osteoblast differentiation [47,50].…”

Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of curcumin‐loaded endodontic reparative material

“…[18][19][20] This substance exhibits antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant properties, and facilitates the healing of injured bone, periodontium, and liver tissues caused by inflammation and oxidation. [18,21,22] This ingredient modulates inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1 and IL-6 by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ). [3] Moreover, CUR enhances both osteoblastic and anti-osteoclastic activities and improves osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells, and induces mineralization.…”