Comparison between Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and LuxS-deficient strain in regulating gut barrier function and inflammation in early-weaned piglets

Abstract

BackgroundEarly weaning-induced stress impairs the intestinal barrier function and adversely affects the health of piglet. Probiotics can be used to prevent and treat various intestinal diseases. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has an LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) system that senses environmental changes through chemical signaling molecules. The aim of the study was to explore whether luxS mutant affects the protective role of LGG in the gut barrier of weaned piglets by comparing the luxS mutant (ΔluxS) with its wild-type (WT).MethodsNewborn piglets were orally administered with WT and ΔluxS at dosage of 109 CFU, respectively. Accordingly, newborn piglets in the Con group were orally administered with PBS. Piglets were weaned on day 21 and euthanized on day 24, three days following weaning.ResultsSupplementation of ΔluxS in advance significantly boosted the relative abundances of healthy microbes (including Catenibacterium, Eubacterium, Lachnospiraceae and Bifidobacterium). WT and ΔluxS maintain intestinal barrier function mainly by promoting intestinal villus to crypt ratio (VCR), occludin protein expression and mucus secretion (P<0.05). Furthermore, LGG reduces pro-inflammatory mediators by inhibiting TLR4 and MAPK signal transduction (P<0.05).ConclusionBoth WT and ΔluxS were shown to resist weaning stress by enhancing the intestinal barrier function of piglets. It has to be said that the ability of ΔluxS to maintain intestinal tissue morphology and promote mucus secretion significantly decreased compared with that of WT.

Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Probiotics: The Mechanism and Role in Food and Gut Health

“…Additionally, the presence of 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL in the gut was negatively correlated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence, indicating the role of this type of AHL as an anti-inflammatory [ 87 ]. Another type of QS molecule, AI-2, was recently found to be able to modulate the inflammatory response and gut microbiota composition in vivo [ 89 , 90 ]. In a study by Thompson et al (2015) [ 88 ], a group of mice was induced into dysbiosis by antibiotic administration and then supplemented with genetically engineered E. coli overproducing AI-2.…”

“…The authors of this study propose that AI-2 improved the signaling response among the Firmicutes , a recurrent producer of AI-2. In another study [ 89 ], a group of early weaning stress-induced piglets was treated with either the wild type (WT) or luxS mutant (Δ luxS ) of Lb. rhamnosus GG.…”

From probiotics to postbiotics: Concepts and applications

“…For example, B. licheniformis S6 enhances the expression of SOD1 , Nrf0 , and HO‐05 in the jejunal mucosa of weaned piglets, improves intestinal mucosal integrity, and increases villous height and crypt depth [89]. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) reduces the release of pro‐inflammatory mediators by inhibiting Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MAPK signal transduction, thereby improving intestinal barrier function in weaned piglets [90]. Aspergillus oryzae supplementation can prevent leaky gut induced by transportation and exercise in horses [91].…”

“…Dietary supplementation of the probiotic B. licheniformis S6 (1 × 10 11 CFU/kg) improves intestinal integrity by modulating the intestinal barrier function and microbiota diversity of weaned piglets [89]. LGG (1 × 10 9 CFU/g) can improve the intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets by inhibiting the release of pro‐inflammatory mediators by suppressing TLR4 and MAPK signaling pathways [90]. Combining medium‐chain fatty acids and spore‐forming bacteria (1.3 × 10 9 CFU/kg) in the diet can alleviate weaning stress in piglets by regulating the intestinal microbiota and barrier function [144].…”

Funkcionalna aktivnost neutrofila u krvi i imunološkog statusa junica pod utjecajem probiotika

“…Megasphaella elsdenii or Propionibacterium species can be used to reduce lactate accumulation (Monteiro and Faciola, 2020;Deng et al, 2021). The use of probiotics in feeding and veterinary medicine makes it possible to increase the economic efficiency of livestock farming, obtain high-quality products free from antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs and traces of disinfectants for a healthy nutrition system for the population (Reuben et al, 2020;Deng et al, 2022). Therefore, the purpose of the study was to study the effect of probiotics of individual strains on the functional activity of blood neutrophils and on the immune system of the body of cattle.…”