Comparison of activity and stability of supported Ni2P and Pt catalysts in the hydroprocessing of palm oil into normal paraffins

Superior Long-Term Stability of a Mesoporous Alumina-Supported Pt Catalyst in the Hydrodeoxygenation of Palm Oil

“…A commercial palm oil, purchased from GS BIO Co., Ltd., contains triglycerides mainly composed of C16:0 (43.5 wt %), C18:0 (4.6 wt %), C18:1 (37.9 wt %), and C18:2 (10.4 wt %) fatty acid groups. 17 The detailed properties of palm oil are listed in Table S1. Although the contents of sulfur and nitrogen in the feed were measured at 0.012 and 0.0001 wt %, respectively, the two elements were not detected in the spent Pt catalysts, meaning that S and N do not cause catalyst deactivation.…”

“…An example we recently investigated regarding active metal is supported nickel phosphide catalysts. 17 As the next approach, we have selected to modify the textural properties of alumina that is easily accessible to practical application. Particularly, its porosity will have a great impact on catalytic activity and stability because the triglycerides and fatty acids are so large that they diffuse at a low rate.…”

“…The so-obtained Pt catalysts are tested in the HDO of palm oil under one of the conditions that we reported recently. 17 The measured activity results are discussed in terms of the physicochemical characteristics of the fresh and spent catalysts. Furthermore, the obtained HDO product is hydrocracked and then distilled off.…”

Production of Jet Biofuels by Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Esters and Fatty Acids: A Review

“…In addition to Pd and Ni, platinum (Pt) represents another transition metal employed as a catalyst in the hydrodeoxygenation of feedstocks for jet biofuel production; indeed, Pt has been recognized as the most suitable metal for the production of paraffins [73][74][75][76]. Pt, supported on Al 2 O 3 , was employed as a catalyst in the hydroprocessing of palm oil for paraffin production, with suitable Pt loading favoring the decarbonylation and decarboxylation pathways [77]. In the same study, another catalyst (Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ) was mixed with Pt/Al 2 O 3 , resulting in a more active and stable catalyst with an extremely low for-mation of carbon deposits and thus preserving the Brønsted acidity associated with the hydrodeoxygenation pathway [77].…”

“…Pt, supported on Al 2 O 3 , was employed as a catalyst in the hydroprocessing of palm oil for paraffin production, with suitable Pt loading favoring the decarbonylation and decarboxylation pathways [77]. In the same study, another catalyst (Ni 2 P/SiO 2 ) was mixed with Pt/Al 2 O 3 , resulting in a more active and stable catalyst with an extremely low for-mation of carbon deposits and thus preserving the Brønsted acidity associated with the hydrodeoxygenation pathway [77]. The utilization of noble metals (Pd, Pt and Ru) in the hydrodeoxygenation of feedstocks may increase the production costs of jet biofuels since such metals are extremely expensive; therefore, alternative non-noble metals have been sought, such as nickel (Ni), already reported above, and cobalt (Co).…”