Comparison of different extraction methods for simultaneous determination of B complex vitamins in nutritional yeast using LC/MS-TOF and stable isotope dilution assay

Abstract

The application of LC/MS-TOF method combined with stable isotope dilution assay was studied for determination of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxal, and pyridoxine in food. Nutritional yeast powder was used as a model food matrix. Acid extraction was compared with various enzymatic treatments in ammonium formate buffer to find a suitable method for the conversion of more complex vitamers into the same forms as the used isotope-labeled internal standards. The enzyme preparations α-amylase, takadiastase, β-glucosidase, and acid phosphatase were all able to liberate thiamine and riboflavin. The diastatic enzyme preparations α-amylase and takadiastase also expressed proteolytic side activities resulting in the formation of small peptides which interfered with the mass spectra of thiamine and riboflavin. Liberation of nicotinamide and pantothenic acid from NAD(+) and CoA, respectively, could not be achieved with any of the studied enzyme preparations. Hydrochloric acid extraction at 121 °C for 30 min was found to be destructive to pantothenic acid, but increased the liberation of pyridoxal.

Advanced Mass Spectrometry

“…ICP-TOF Multielement analysis of food and beverages [57] QqTOF Ni speciation in tea infusions [62] ICP-TOF Arsenic species in methanolic extracts of cod liver [63] ICP-MS Analysis of heavy metal content in Indocalamus tessellatus samples [56] LC-TOF Simultaneous determination of B complex vitamins in nutritional yeast [64] MALDI-TOF Monitoring of barley starch amylolysis [65] LC-TOF Determination of free and bound phenolic compounds in buckwheat spaghetti. Effect of thermal processing [66] LC-TOF Analysis of pesticides in fruits and vegetables [67] GC-TOF Quantitative analysis of acetaldehyde in foods consumed [68] LC-TOF Screening natural antioxidants in peanut shell [69] UHPLC-TOF Hexabromocyclododecane diastereomers [70] Type Application References UHPLC-TOF 19 antibiotics in dairy products [71] MALDI-TOF Microscale strategy to detect spermine and spermidine in food [72] LC-TOF Determination of phthalates in edible salts from food markets in Korea [73] LC-QqTOF Simultaneous determination five major antioxidant compounds [74] MALDI-TOF Monitoring of she-donkey's milk contamination or adulteration [75] MALDI-TOF Quantitating curcumin in food condiments and dietary supplements and screening of acrylamide-induced ROS protein indicators [76] LC-QqTOF Quantitating curcumin in food condiments and dietary supplements and screening of acrylamide-induced ROS protein indicators [45] UHPLC-TOF Analysis of illicit dietary supplements sold in the Italian market: Identification of a sildenafil thioderivative as adulterant [46] LC-TOF Simultaneous investigation of sesquiterpenes, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and N-oxides in butterbur (Petasites hybridus) [77] UHPLC-QqTOF Determination of 141 pesticides in tea [78] UHPLC-QqTOF Determination of tadalafil and N-desmethylsibutramine in health and dietary supplements [79] LC-QqTOF Seven fluorescent whitening agents in food contact paper package materials [80] Lipidomics GC × GC-TOF Unsaponifiable fraction of lipids belonging to various types of milk [22] UHPLC-QqTOF Rapid and highly accurate detection of steryl glycoside [81] MALDI-TOF Rapid lipid profiling of bacteria [82] MALDI-TOF Detection of glycated phosph...…”

Detection of B6 Vitamers in Grain Products: Experimental and Computational Studies

“…Most separation and detection procedures are reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques (Eitenmiller et al 2008) (Ciulu et al 2011;Jin et al 2012;Langer and Lodge 2014), and MS (Hälvin et al 2013;van der Ham et al 2012). Methods using electrochemical detection (ED) have also been proposed but applications to samples other than pharmaceuticals supplements and animal foods are few (Lebiedzińska et al 2007;Marszałł et al 2005).…”

A pilot clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of supplementation with a B complex vitamin to reduce the incidence of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in patients diagnosed with a malignancy

“…Four studies addressing various samples was conducted on vitamin B complexes [346][347][348][349], a review on folate, vitamin B6 and B12 was conducted on methods for analysis in humans [350], four studies were conducted on vitamin B6 [351][352][353][354], two on folate [355,356], five on vitamin B12 [357][358][359][360][361] and one on betaine (from choline) [362]. These studies have been outlined below in Table 3-2.…”

“…Five studies have been conducted on B vitamins or a selection of B vitamins using mass spectrometry [346][347][348][349][350]. The substances they were tested on include nutritional yeast [346], nutritional supplements [347], human milk [348] and infant formula [349].…”

“…The substances they were tested on include nutritional yeast [346], nutritional supplements [347], human milk [348] and infant formula [349]. The last article was a review comparing various mass spectrometry methods [350].…”