Comparison of Foraging Interactive D-prime and Angular Indication Measurement Stereo with different methods to assess stereopsis

Neupane, Sonisha; Skerswetat, Jan; Bex, Peter J.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0305036

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

A new, adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable method used to measure visual acuity

Skerswetat,

He,

Shah

et al. 2024

Optom Vis Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SIGNIFICANCE Angular Indication Measurement (AIM) is an adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable orientation-judgment method designed to interrogate visual functions. We introduce AIM Visual Acuity (VA) and show its features and outcome measures. Angular Indication Measurement VA's ability to detect defocus was comparable with that of an Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter chart and showed greater sensitivity to astigmatic blur. PURPOSE This proof-of-concept study introduces Angular Indication Measurement and applies it to VA. METHODS First, we compared the ability of AIM-VA and ETDRS to detect defocus and astigmatic blur in 22 normally sighted adults. Spherical and cylindrical lenses in the dominant eye induced blur. Second, we compared repeatability over two tests of AIM-VA and ETDRS. RESULTS A repeated-measure analysis of variance showed a main effect for defocus blur and test. For the astigmatism experiment, an interaction between blur and orientation was found. Pairwise comparisons showed that AIM was more sensitive to astigmatic-induced VA loss than ETDRS. Bland-Altman plots showed small bias and no systematic learning effect for either test type and improved repeatability with more than two adaptive steps for AIM-VA. CONCLUSIONS Angular Indication Measurement VA's ability to detect defocus was comparable with that of an ETDRS letter chart and showed greater sensitivity to induced astigmatic blur, and AIM-VA's repeatability is comparable with ETDRS when using two or more adaptive steps. Angular Indication Measurement's self-administered orientation judgment approach is generalizable to interrogate other visual functions, e.g., contrast, color, motion, and stereovision.

show abstract

A new, adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable method used to measure visual acuity

Skerswetat,

He,

Shah

et al. 2024

Optom Vis Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Novel color vision assessment tool: AIM Color Detection and Discrimination

He,

Skerswetat,

Bex

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Color vision assessment is essential in clinical practice, yet different tests exhibit distinct strengths and limitations. Here we apply a psychophysical paradigm, Angular Indication Measurement (AIM) for color detection and discrimination. AIM is designed to address some of the shortcomings of existing tests, such as prolonged testing time, limited accuracy and sensitivity, and the necessity for clinician oversight. AIM presents adaptively generated charts, each a N*M (here 4*4) grid of stimuli, and participants are instructed to indicate either the orientation of the gap in a cone-isolating Landolt C optotype or the orientation of the edge between two colors in an equiluminant color space. The contrasts or color differences of the stimuli are adaptively selected for each chart based on performance of prior AIM charts. In a group of 23 color-normal and 15 people with color vision deficiency (CVD), we validate AIM color against Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR), Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test (FM100), and anomaloscope color matching diagnosis and use machine learning techniques to classify the type and severity of CVD. The results show that AIM has classification accuracies comparable to that of the anomaloscope, and while HRR and FM100 are less accurate than AIM and an anomaloscope, HRR is very rapid. We conclude that AIM is a computer-based, self-administered, response-adaptive and rapid tool with high test-retest repeatability that has the potential to be suitable for both clinical and research applications.

show abstract

Visual Performance of People With Albinism Assessed With Generalizable and Adaptive AIM and FInD Methods

Skerswetat,

Ross,

Idman-Rait

et al. 2024

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose People with albinism (PwA) are known to have visual impairments; however, little is known about whether these functions are disrupted across earlier and later stages of the visual pathway. We investigated distinct perceptual functions and fixation stability within each observer and compared the data with age- (±5 years) and sex-matched controls. Methods Twenty-one self-reported PwA and twenty-one controls were recruited. Angular-indication measurement (AIM) and foraging-interactive-D-prime (FInD) psychophysical methods were deployed to measure OS, OD, and OU near visual acuity, spatial contrast sensitivity function (CSF), temporal contrast sensitivity (tCS; 0.5 c/°; horizontal grating: 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 Hz), OU glare acuity, threshold-versus-contrast (2c/° vertical grating), long, medium, and short wavelength cone-isolated color detection, color discrimination, stereoacuity across spatial frequencies (1c/°, 2c/°, 4c/°, 8c/°), horizontal, circular, radial pattern and motion coherence, and equivalent-noise motion detection. Thresholds were determined by AIM and FInD and compared using N-ANOVAs, t -tests, planned multi-comparisons, correlations, and unsupervised, agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis for each group. Results We found significant differences between groups for most visual functions except for simple and complex form-coherence (two way-ANOVAs, P > 0.05) and complex motion coherence. Correlations between outcomes revealed more significant correlations for PwA and differences in the specific correlates between groups. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed different functional clusters between groups. Conclusions AIM and FInD successfully interrogated visual deficits in PwA. Overall, PwA showed impaired performance in achromatic, chromatic, temporal, and binocular functions, and had higher intrinsic noise levels. Midlevel vision was comparable between groups. Unsupervised cluster analysis and correlation between outcomes revealed a difference in functional outcome clusters between groups. The results may help to increase the efficiency of screening and identify target deficits for rehabilitation.

show abstract

Comparison of Foraging Interactive D-prime and Angular Indication Measurement Stereo with different methods to assess stereopsis

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

A new, adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable method used to measure visual acuity

A new, adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable method used to measure visual acuity

Novel color vision assessment tool: AIM Color Detection and Discrimination

Visual Performance of People With Albinism Assessed With Generalizable and Adaptive AIM and FInD Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About