Comparison of formulating apparent potential evaporation with pan measurements and Penman methods

Wang, Liming; Han, Songjun

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125816

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…FAO56-PM may also be proper method to get pan evaporation with submerged macrophytes. Wang et al (2021) reported that actual evaporation is important for hydrological research due to its direct impact on the hydrologic processes (water cycle, water resources management). The above authors concluded that to estimate pan evaporation, it is essential to find the proper formulation of the Penman-Monteith equation, a special case of the multiple stepwise regression methods.…”

Section: Fao-56 Penman-monteith (Fao56-pm) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan evaporation is increased by submerged macrophytes

Simon-Gáspár

Soós

Anda

2022

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The topic of evaporation estimates is fundamental to land-surface hydrology. In this study, FAO-56 Penman–Monteith equation (FAO56–PM), multiple stepwise regression (MLR), and Kohonen self-organising map (K–SOM) techniques were used for the estimation of daily pan evaporation (Ep) in three treatments, where C was the standard class A pan with top water, S was a pan with sediment covered bottom, and SM was class A pan containing submerged macrophytes (Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton perfoliatus, and Najas marina), at Keszthely, Hungary, in a six-season experiment, between 2015 and 2020. The modelling approach included six measured meteorological variables. Average Ep varied from 0.6 to 6.9 mm d−1 for C, 0.7 to 7.9 mm d−1 for S, and from 0.9 to 8.2 mm d−1 for SM during the growing seasons studied. Correlation analysis and K–SOM visual representation revealed that air temperature and global radiation had positive correlation, while relative humidity had a negative correlation with the Ep of C, S, and SM. The results showed that the MLR method provided close compliance (R2=0.58–0.62) with the observed pan evaporation values, but the K–SOM method (R2=0.97–0.98) yielded by far the closest match to observed evaporation estimates for all three pans. To our best knowledge, no similar work has been published previously using the three modelling methods for seeded pan evaporation estimation. The current study differs from previous evaporation estimates by using neural networks even with those pans containing sediments and submerged macrophytes. Their evaporation will be treated directly by K–SOM, in which the modelling is more than the simple Ep of a class A pan filled with clean tap water.

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Section: Fao-56 Penman-monteith (Fao56-pm) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan evaporation is increased by submerged macrophytes

Simon-Gáspár

Soós

Anda

2022

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…There remain limited quantitative studies on the influence of soil texture on evaporation rate under a constantly saturated soil. In fact, PE s and PE w , as well as the evaporation rate from pan (PE pan ) have all been used as PE to estimate actual evaporation rate in applications (Allen et al, 1989; Granger, 1989; Kirono et al, 2010; Lehmann & Or, 2013; Lhomme & Guilioni, 2010; Wang et al, 2021; Westra, 2009). While this simplification relies on several hypotheses, differences in PE over saturated textures and water have not been quantitatively explored, nor have these differences been compared with PE pan based on measured results at a high temporal resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energyand vapour transfer in evaporation processes over saturated bare soil and water surface‐lysimeter studies

Wang

Yang

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Potential evaporation (PE) is a significant input in many hydrological models for the estimation of actual evaporation. Evaporation from water (PE w ) is generally considered equivalent to evaporation from saturated bare soils (PE s ). The influences of the underlying surface on PE as well as the energy and vapour transfer in potential evaporation processes over different surfaces are rarely discussed. In this research, lysimeter experiments were set up to measure the diurnal cycles of evaporation from two saturated sandy soils and water at a high temporal resolution in the Guanzhong Basin, China. Evaporation from Class A Pan, meteorological variables and temperatures were also measured during the experiment. Observation results show that PE s is

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“…The AED is the ideal evaporation state for a specific evaporation surface, which is determined by various meteorological factors under adequate water supply conditions (Crago et al., 2022; Fan & Thomas, 2018; McMahon et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2021). In the fields of hydrology, meteorology and agriculture, the definition of the AED remains debated because there is no consensus on the specifications of evaporative surface characteristics (Aminzadeh et al., 2016; Xiang et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for Identifying the Dominant Meteorological Factors of Atmospheric Evaporative Demand in Mid‐Long Term

Liu

Xie

Fang

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

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To better understand the changes in the atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) in the context of global warming, the anomaly contribution analysis is presented to estimate mid‐long term contributions of meteorological factors to the AED. The Pearson correlation coefficient (RP) between the total contribution (ψ) of meteorological factors and the relative variation (ϕ) of the AED, and the Sen's trend slope (βS) of (ϕ, ψ) scatters are used to evaluate the applicability of the method. The smaller the values of |1 − RP| and |1 − βS|, the more applicable the method is. To validate the method, the reference crop evapotranspiration is employed as a proxy for the AED. The multi‐year contribution analysis is used as a comparison approach, which can only investigate the dominant meteorological factors of the AED in long term. Moreover, the Huaihe River basin of China is taken as a case study. Results show that (a) the values of |1 − RP| and |1 − βS| in mid‐long term are less than 0.1 in most cases when applying the anomaly contribution analysis, and the mid‐long term contribution processes of meteorological factors to the AED are clearly demonstrated; and (b) the wind speed and sunshine hours are the two most dominant factors (the total absolute contribution exceeds 60%) in long term, but they are not always the dominant factors in mid‐long term (e.g., wind speed in summer, and sunshine hours in winter). Therefore, the anomaly contribution analysis is a reasonable and effective method, which can help to gain insights into the changes in the AED.

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Comparison of formulating apparent potential evaporation with pan measurements and Penman methods

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Pan evaporation is increased by submerged macrophytes

Pan evaporation is increased by submerged macrophytes

Energyand vapour transfer in evaporation processes over saturated bare soil and water surface‐lysimeter studies

A Method for Identifying the Dominant Meteorological Factors of Atmospheric Evaporative Demand in Mid‐Long Term

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