Comparison of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Surface Markers from Bone Marrow Aspirates and Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Sites

Abstract

The objective of this study was to subjectively evaluate the harvest of two areas of adipose collection and three areas of bone marrow collection as potential sites for clinical harvest of adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and bone marrow concentrate for clinical use by quantifying the amount of tissue harvested, subjective ease of harvest, the variation of each site, and determining the cell surface marker characteristics using commercially available antibodies. Bone marrow and adipose tissue samples were collected from 10 adult mixed breed dogs. Adipose tissue was collected from the caudal scapular region and falciform fat ligament. Bone marrow aspirates were collected from the ilium, humerus, and tibia. Tissues were weighed (adipose) or measured by volume (bone marrow), processed to isolate the SVF or bone marrow concentrate, and flow cytometry was performed to quantitate the percentage of cells that were CD90, CD44 positive, and CD45 negative. Sites and tissue types were compared using matched pairs t-test. Subjectively subcutaneous fat collection was the most difficult and large amounts of tissue dissection were necessary. Additionally the subcutaneous area yielded less than the goal amount of tissue. The bone marrow harvest ranged from 10 to 27.5 ml. Adipose tissue had the highest concentration of cells with CD90+, CD44+, and CD45− markers (P < 0.05), and bone marrow had the highest total number of these cells at harvest (P < 0.05). Variation was high for all sites, but the adipose collection yielded more consistent results. These results describe the relative cellular components in the SVF of adipose tissue and bone marrow as defined by the biomarkers chosen. Although bone marrow yielded higher absolute cell numbers on average, adipose tissue yielded more consistent results. Fat from the falciform ligament was easily obtained with less dissection and therefore created less perceived relative patient trauma.

Characterization and Immunomodulatory Effects of Canine Adipose Tissue- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

“…All other markers fell within the same ranges of expression as seen in Table 3. It has been recently reported that fat and bone marrow harvest sites do have some influence on surface marker expression [14], and likely played a role here as well.…”

Cell-Based Therapies for Joint Disease in Veterinary Medicine: What We Have Learned and What We Need to Know

“…However, the benefit of this technique is negated after the first passage in culture, so the technique is most relevant for point-of-care preparations. AdMSCs are collected from adjacent to the tail head in horses ( 74 ) and harvest from the falciform ligament eases collection in dogs compared with harvest from peritoneal fat ( 75 ). The same sites for tissue collection are used for point-of-care systems.…”

Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma, Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF), or SVF with an Injectable PLGA Nanofiber Scaffold for the Treatment of Osteochondral Injury in Dogs

“…10 There is no culture expansion or homogenization of the cells in the SVF so usually fewer than 5% of the cells in the SVF meet even lenient definitions of being a stem cell. [11][12][13] This is in contrast to cultured stem cell therapy in which cells are harvested from either fat or bone marrow and cultureexpanded in a laboratory over a period of weeks, a process that homogenizes the cell population while also dramatically increasing the number of available cells. 13 Although SVF therapy and cultured stem cell therapies are substantially different, the term "stem cell therapy" is often indiscriminately used to describe the use of SVF.…”