Comparison of methods for determination of volatile organic compounds in drinking water

Golfínopoulos, Spyros K.; Lekkas, Themistokles D.; Nikolaou, Anastasia D.

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00553-1

Cited by 111 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Preceding studies using HS-GC-MS have reported the determination of volatile compounds in various samples such as water, whole blood, as well as wet wipes. [27][28][29] In this study, we describe, a method utilizing a HS-GC-MS instrument used for the measurement of volatile compounds. The HS-GC-MS method is expected to be an appropriate method of the detection of alkoxyalcohols in wet wipes because of the lower matrix effect compared to preceding studies.…”

Section: 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Alkoxyalcohols in Wet Wipes Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Lee¹,

Pyo²,

Chung³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Alkoxyalcohols are used as solvents or preservatives in various consumer products such as wet wipes. The metabolites of alkoxyalcohols are known to be chronically toxic and carcinogenic to animals. Thus, an analytical method is needed to monitor alkoxyalcohols in wet wipes. The aim of this study was to develop a simultaneous analytical method for 14 alkoxyalcohols using headspace gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to analyze the wet wipes. This method was developed by comparing with various headspace extraction parameters. The linear calibration curves were obtained for the method (r 2 > 0.995). The limit of detection of alkoxyalcohols ranged from 2 to 200 ng mL −1. The precision of the determinative method was less than 18.20% coefficient of variation both intra and inter days. The accuracy of the method ranged from 82.86% to 119.83%. (2-Methoxymethylethoxy)propanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, and 1-phenoxy-2-propanol were mainly detected in wet wipes.

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Section: 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Alkoxyalcohols in Wet Wipes Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Lee¹,

Pyo²,

Chung³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…In all the referred studies, THMs are analysed by gas chromatography. Together with direct sample injection, several sample preparation and extraction methods used in the analysis of swimming pool water and air samples are presented below [8,11,12,15,16,18,19,21,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of HS-SPME analytical conditions using factorial design for trihalomethanes determination in swimming pool water samples

Maia

Correia

Pereira

et al. 2014

Microchemical Journal

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a b s t r a c t Trihalomethanes (THMs) are widely referred and studied as disinfection by-products (DBPs). The THMs that are most commonly detected are chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), chlorodibromomethane (CDBM), and bromoform (TBM). Several studies regarding the determination of THMs in swimming pool water and air samples have been published. This paper reviews the most recent work in this field, with a special focus on water and air sampling, sample preparation and analytical determination methods. An experimental study has been developed in order to optimize the headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) conditions of TCM, BDCM, CDBM and TBM from water samples using a 2 3 factorial design. An extraction temperature of 45 °C, for 25 min, and a desorption time of 5 min were found to be the best conditions.Analysis was performed by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD).The method was successfully applied to a set of 27 swimming pool water samples collected in the Oporto area (Portugal). TCM was the only THM detected with levels between 4.5 and 406.5 μg L −1. Four of the samples exceeded the guideline value for total THMs in swimming pool water (100 μg L ) indicated by the Portuguese Health Authority.

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“…Static or dynamic headspace gas chromatography (GC) analysis is the most adopted methods used by environmental agencies to determine VOCs from solid and liquid matrices [13]. However, direct aqueous injection (DAI) [14], liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [14], membrane techniques, solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) [8,15] and distillation techniques are also used as sample preparation techniques in analysis of VOCs. A primary benefit of using headspace GC is that one can analyze small amounts of analytes buried in a large amount of matrix without having to inject the matrix into the chromatography column.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometrics Optimization of Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis in Water by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Fatemi

Kouchakpour²,

Malekzadeh³

2013

Hydrol Current Res

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Static headspace coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to extraction and analysis of volatile organic compounds in water samples. The effects of various factors affecting on the extraction efficiency including: the extraction temperature, extraction time, salt concentration and stirring speed were carried out by means of a 2 4 full factorial design. It was found that the effects of extraction temperature and salt concentration were significant. Then, a central composite design was performed to optimize the level of these factors. The optimal headspace conditions were achieved when the vials were heated under 88°C and 29% w/w addition of salt. At optimum operating conditions, analytical figures of merit of method such as linearity (0.9962-0.9996), repeatability (1.2-12.13%), detection limits (0.1-4.9 μg.L −1 ) and linearity dynamic range (10-1000 μg.L −1 ) were determined. The proposed methods can be used to direct investigation of the presence of Volatile organic compounds in environmental samples without pre-treatment of samples. Finally the optimized method was used to investigate the existence of volatile organic compounds in Babolroud River in the north of Iran.

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Comparison of methods for determination of volatile organic compounds in drinking water

Cited by 111 publications

References 9 publications

Simultaneous Determination of Alkoxyalcohols in Wet Wipes Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Simultaneous Determination of Alkoxyalcohols in Wet Wipes Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Optimization of HS-SPME analytical conditions using factorial design for trihalomethanes determination in swimming pool water samples

Chemometrics Optimization of Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis in Water by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

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