Comparison of Microstructure and Surface Properties of AISI 1045 Steel After Quenching in Hot Alkaline Salt Bath and Oil

Raygan, Shahram; Rassizadehghani, J.; Askari, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.1007/s11665-008-9273-x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Besides that, the acicular bainite can be also observed. The acicular bainite is lower bainite, which formed in the undercooled austenite below the intermediate transformation temperature [24]. With high strength, hardness and abrasive resistance, lower bainite can intensify the microstructure of the matrix, and improve the mechanical property of the wheel substrate.…”

Section: Phase Transformation Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation and deformation of the high-frequency induction brazed grinding wheel based on multi-field coupling

Wang

Hou

et al. 2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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With the characteristic of the high bonding strength to matrix, good sharpness and large chip-storage spaces, the brazed super abrasive grinding wheels have superiorities in the machining of di cult-tomachine materials. However, thermal deformation is caused by the high temperature during the brazing process, leading the accuracy of the brazed grinding wheel degraded greatly. By means of local heating, high frequency induction brazing can reduce the thermal deformation of the wheel. Aiming at the thermal deformation mechanism of the induction brazed wheel, a numerical simulation model of thermal-stressphase multi-eld coupling was established considering the temperature dependent physical properties of the material. The simulation result indicated that the phase transformation occurred near the work surface of the wheel substrate. The depth of phase transformation layer decreased from 6.0 mm to 2.9 mm with the scanning speed increasing from 0.5 mm/s to 2.0 mm/s. Microstructure of the phase transformation layer mainly consisted of ferrite, pearliten and bainite after brazing. An appropriate scanning speed was more important for the high accuracy of the wheel substrate during the induction brazing, since it had remarkable in uence on the stress and deformation than brazing temperature. The experimental results of the microstructure morphology and deformation proved that the numerical simulation model was correct with 10.4% error.

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Section: Phase Transformation Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation and deformation of the high-frequency induction brazed grinding wheel based on multi-field coupling

Wang

Hou

et al. 2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…The economic challenges associated with this technology remain a source of concern and responsibility for those working in the heat treatment industry. In the past, the use of salt raised safety and environmental concerns, but technological advancements have since resolved these issues, and they are no longer seen as obstacles to its adoption [10]. Hence, the need for a more cheaper and eco-friendly quenchants which can be gotten from what are considered as agricultural wastes that can equally have discusses the mechanical characteristics and microstructures of ductile iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and Exploring the Microstructural and Thermal Properties of Pseudostem Juice and Cassava Juice as a Quenching Media.

Gbadeyan

2023

Preprint

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The utilization of pseudostem juice and cassava juice as non-Newtonian fluids for quenching applications is examined in this study. These fluids' microstructural and thermal characteristics were investigated and contrasted with those of conventional quenching mediums. The findings demonstrated that these fluids have distinctive qualities that make them attractive substitutes for conventional quenching mediums. The tensile strength of the samples increased when quenched in pseudostem juice of bananas (PJB) at 30 0C and water at 90 0C, exceeding the as-cast value of 435 MPa. Quenching in PJB resulted in a higher tensile strength of at least 442 MPa. Additionally, the hardness value reached its highest point for the sample quenched in banana pseudostem juice at 30 0C and its lowest point for the sample quenched in water at 90 0C, which was 418 BHN. Although lower than its as-cast value, samples of ductile iron that were quenched in water exhibited a slight improvement in impact energy compared to those that were quenched in banana and cassava pseudostem juice. According to the microstructural analysis, the smallest grain sizes for ductile iron samples quenched in pseudostem juice of bananas were 0.18 µm, 0.235 µm, and 0.255 µm, respectively, when quenched at 30 0C. The findings of this study affirm the effectiveness of Pseudostem juice and Cassava juice as quenching media, opening doors to the development of more streamlined and sustainable quenching processes.

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“…Devido à sua região de formação e morfologia, não é uma microestrutura muito simples de ser caracterizada Fonte: A) [79] B) e C) [67] Em um aço convencional com microestrutura multifásica, foi observada a presença de menores e para outro meio de resfriamento, uma fase semelhante é chamada de bainita. Na terceira imagem (Figura 10C), a fase que, a princípio, se assemelha à ferrita acicular é nomeada de perlita [80]. Dessa forma, nota-se grande dificuldade e mesmo incoerência na nomenclatura Fonte: A) [79] B) [67] e C) [80] Em relação à ferrita bainítica, optou-se, neste trabalho, por explicá-la juntamente com a fase bainítica, mais adiante.…”

Section: Figura 7 -A) B) E C): Imagens De Aços Multifásicos Mostranunclassified

“…Na terceira imagem (Figura 10C), a fase que, a princípio, se assemelha à ferrita acicular é nomeada de perlita [80]. Dessa forma, nota-se grande dificuldade e mesmo incoerência na nomenclatura Fonte: A) [79] B) [67] e C) [80] Em relação à ferrita bainítica, optou-se, neste trabalho, por explicá-la juntamente com a fase bainítica, mais adiante.…”

Section: Figura 7 -A) B) E C): Imagens De Aços Multifásicos Mostranunclassified

Têmpera e partição de aço baixa liga com pré-microestrutura bainítica

Mendonça¹

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Os aços temperados e particionados têm despertado interesse no que se refere ao equílibro entre resistência e ductilidade, comumente representado pelo índice PSE (produto da resistência pelo alongamento). A estabilização da austenita retida em baixas temperaturas pode provocar o fenômeno da plasticidade induzida por transformação (efeito TRIP). Com o surgimento da têmpera e partição (T&P), diversas variações desse tratamento têm sido propostas. Dentre elas, o efeito da pré-microestrutura tem se mostrado muito importante na melhoria das propriedades mecânicas. Dessa forma, no presente trabalho foi proposto um processo inédito de têmpera e partição a partir de pré-microestruturas bainíticas. O intuito dessa abordagem foi verificar, a partir de diferentes proporções e morfologias bainíticas, os diferentes níveis de estabilização da austenita retida. Além disso, a obtenção de microestruturas multifásicas têm sido relatada na literatura com boas características mecânicas. A caracterização microestrutural foi feita por meio de microscopias ópticas e eletrônica de varredura, e ensaios de dureza, tração e impacto. Os resultados encontrados foram de encontro aos relatados na literatura, indicando que uma homogênea distribuição de finos carbonetos pode gerar melhores resultados do que a tão aclamada austenita retida. Foram encontrados valores de limite de resistência à tração de 1.081 MPa com alongamento total de 23%, gerando valores de PSE de 24.8 GPa . % com resistência ao impacto de 62 J/cm². Os tratamentos térmicos realizados também mostraram-se mais eficazes que os tradicionais tratamentos de austêmpera e têmpera com revenimento para competir com os aços da nova geração. Palavras-chave: Bainita, Austenita retida, Têmpera e partição, Efeito TRIP, Prémicroestrutura. ABSTRACT MENDONÇA, R.R. Quenching and partitioning of a low alloy steel with bainitic prior microstructure. 2019. 175p. Tese (Doutorado) -Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, 2019. Quenched and partitioned (Q&P) steels have been of great interest to researchers due to its balance between strength and ductility, usually represented by the product of strength and elongation (PSE) index. Retained austenite, when stabilized at room temperature, can promote the transformation induced plasticity phenomenon (TRIP) effect. With the advent of quenching and partition heat treatment many variations to this process were made. Among them, the influence of prior microstructures has been shown to be very important in improving the mechanical properties. In this way, this research proposed a new processing route for the Q&P starting from a bainitic microstructure. The intention of this approach was to verify, by means of different bainite proportions, different levels of retained austenite stabilization. In addition, there have been positive results in obtaining of multiphase microstructures. Microstructural characterization was evaluated by both optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy while mechanical properties were analyz...

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Comparison of Microstructure and Surface Properties of AISI 1045 Steel After Quenching in Hot Alkaline Salt Bath and Oil

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Phase transformation and deformation of the high-frequency induction brazed grinding wheel based on multi-field coupling

Phase transformation and deformation of the high-frequency induction brazed grinding wheel based on multi-field coupling

Investigation and Exploring the Microstructural and Thermal Properties of Pseudostem Juice and Cassava Juice as a Quenching Media.

Têmpera e partição de aço baixa liga com pré-microestrutura bainítica

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