Comparison of morphometry and ventricular function of healthy and smoking young people

Abstract

Background: Tobacco smoke is one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and damages in the myocardial tissue directly. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been used and is a promising tool to evaluate morphometry and cardiac function in humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations of smoking with morphometry and cardiac function by CMR technique in young adult smokers. Methods: Altogether, 49 volunteers (22 smokers and 27 non-smokers) were included in the study. The comparisons between groups were performed by multiple linear regression adjusting for body mass index and gender. Results: In the morphometric and functional evaluation of the left ventricle, we observed statistical significant lower values of end-diastolic volume (EDV) (p = 0.02), ejection volume (EV) (p = 0.001) and indexed ejection volume (IEV) (p = 0.007) in smokers when compared to no-smoker group. Right ventricle showed statistical significant lower values of EDV (p = < 0.001), end-systolic volume (p = 0.01), EV (p = < 0.001), IEV (p = 0.001), indexed end-diastolic volume (p = 0.001) and major axis (p = 0.01) in smokers when compared to non-smokers group. Conclusions: There is a strongly association of smoking in young adult and cardiac function decline, even adjusted by cofounders, which compromises the proper functioning of the heart. Evidence confirms that smoking can directly influence the cardiac function, even without atherosclerosis or other chronic comorbidities, associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Association between glycosylated hemoglobin levels, diabetes duration, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes and preserved ejection fraction: a cross-sectional study

“…Larger patient cohorts are necessary for further investigation to validate these differences. Consistent with our findings, obesity and smoking in adolescents have been linked to increased left ventricular volume and reduced myocardial diastolic function ( 20 , 31 , 32 ). Our study also depicted the impact of BMI on cardiac function, but no significant correlation was seen between smoking and cardiac function parameters, potentially due to the limited number of smokers included in our study.…”

“…To accurately evaluate changes in cardiac function in diabetic cardiomyopathy, this study excluded patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, and valvular disease. Patients with T2DM were matched with healthy individuals based on BMI, gender, age, and smoking status to minimize the impact of these factors on cardiac function ( 19 , 20 ). The findings underscored impaired diastolic function in patients with T2DM.…”

Echocardiographic study of myocardial work in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…After multivariate regression analysis, smoking was significantly correlated with the GWI, GWW and GWE, indicating that smoking impairs myocardial function. There is evidence that nicotine can cause direct damage to the structure and function of the heart even in patients without atherosclerosis or other chronic diseases related to the risk of cardiovascular disease [ 35 ], and the amount of smoking is positively correlated with the degree of impairment of cardiac systolic function [ 36 ]. In the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) study, it was found that the LV mass and geometry were associated with the occurrence of HF, stroke and coronary heart disease.…”

Orange Juice Attenuates Circulating miR-150-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-451a in Healthy Smokers: A Randomized Crossover Study

“…Tobacco smoking is the world's leading cause of preventable death, with more than 7 million deaths every year, worldwide (1)(2)(3). Tobacco consumption is a known risk factor associated with disease development and mortality by cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease (4)(5)(6).…”