Comparison of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction According to Age

Abstract

Introduction: By development of the medicine, control of the risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), became the foundation of cardiology. Aim: To investigate the association of the age with presence of risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: The study had a prospective, comparative and descriptive character, and it was done on a sample of 80 patients (n=80; 55 male and 25 female) Clinic for Heart, Blood Vessel and Rheumatic Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo from January 2016 to August 2018. All patients were hospitalized under the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and were divided into two main groups, which were divided into two subgroups according to age. Group A, group of patients under 45 years of age at the moment of diagnosis of AMI (n = 40; men = 29; women = 11) was divided into group A1 (n = 20; patients aged 25-35 years) and group A2 (n = 20; patients aged between 35-45 years). Group B, patients older than 45 years at the time of diagnosis of AMI (n = 40; men = 26, women = 14) was divided into group B1 (n = 20; patients aged between 45-55 years) and group B2 (n = 20; patients aged 55-65 years of age). Results: According to gender distribution, there is a significantly higher incidence of hypertension in male patients aged 25-35 years and between 35-45 years (p = 0.01; p = 0.01). Increased cholesterol values were significantly more common in men aged 25-35 years (p = 0.0121). Increased triglyceride values were significantly more common in men aged 25-35 years, in comparison to female respondents of the same age (86.67% vs. 13.33%, p = 0.0001). There was a significant significance between the two groups in the occurrence of anteroseptal (p = 0.04) and in the diaphragmatic myocardial infarction (p = 0.01), while in other infarction localities no significant significance was observed. Conclusion: Male sex is a predisposing risk factor for the development of a cardiovascular incident in the younger age. The post infarction ejection fraction of the left ventricle was significantly reduced in younger patients. The potential for prevention should be of paramount importance. The localization of the incident itself, and the involvement of a certain blood, represents, regardless of all the research, still a fact that is hard to stratify and directly correlated with a certain risk factor.

Expression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 gene in peripheral blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction

“…AMI can have multiple etiology and complex physiological and pathological mechanisms, with the Framingham Heart Study identifying risk factors [ 24 ]. It has been reported that important risk factors of individuals with AMI include diabetes, inflammation, and aging, but age growth might not be controlled by external factors [ 25 ].…”

“…One important risk factor identified for coronary heart disease is diabetes, and it has been positively correlated with atherosclerosis onset and progression [ 24 ]. As a systemic metabolic disease, various vascular complications often occur during diabetes.…”

Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in myocardial infarction — impact of ST-segment elevation and of Diabetes mellitus

“…Although the incidence of this type of event has declined steadily over the last decades, it still affects about 7 million individuals around the world annually, of which many occur in Europe, with the economic issues it entails 3 . Risk factors for MI include male gender, smoking, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, and obesity, among others 1,4,5 …”

“…3 Risk factors for MI include male gender, smoking, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, and obesity, among others. 1,4,5 MI can have different causes and be characterized in very different ways. One of the most used classifications is based on the presence of an elevation of the ST-segment in the electrocardiogram (ECG), thus allowing us to categorize the event as acute MI with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) or without ST-segment elevation (NSTEMI).…”

Three-Dimensional Echocardiography and Coagulation Function Detection in the Prognosis Evaluation of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…In recent years, the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been gradually rising. AMI is the myocardial necrosis caused by acute myocardial ischemia, and it is mainly on the grounds of coronary artery diseases [ 1 ]. The clinical features include persistent and severe retrosternal pain, elevated serum myocardial enzymes and white blood cell counts, fever, arrhythmia, progressive electrocardiographic changes, heart failure, and even shock [ 2 ].…”