Comparison of protein patterns in non‐mycorrhizal and vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal roots of red clover

Abstract

SUMMARYA comparison of the protein content and patterns in root extracts from non-mycorrhizal and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal [Glomus mosseae (Nicol. et Gerd.) Gerd. et Trappe] red clover {Trifolium pratense L.) has been made. Soluble protein content was higher in mycorrhizal than in non-mycorrhizal roots. After separation by DEAEcellulose chromatography and electrophoretic analysis, several additional polypeptides appeared in mycorrhizal extracts. In addition, it seems that one of the additional proteins was a plant-induced superoxide dismutase isozyme.

Detection of symbiosis‐related polypeptides during the early stages of the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza between Glomus mosseae and Pisum sativum roots

“…During the time of infection, an increase was obvious for some low MW polypeptides called Pi (16,19,23, biosis are associated with modifications in gene expression in both symbionts (Dumas et al, 1989;Dumas-Gaudot et al, 19946;Gianinazzi-Pearson et al, 1994;Gianinazzi et al, 1995;GianinazziPearson, 1995;Kapulnike^a/., 1996;Murphy et al, 1997). Accumulation of additional polypeptides has already been reported in AM roots of several plants (Dumas et al, 1989;Wyss et al, 1990;Arines et al, 1993;Garcia-Garrido et al, 1993;Dumas-Gaudot et al, 19946;Simoneau et al, 1994). Endomycorrhizins (Wyss et al, 1990) designate SRpolypeptides observed in AM.…”

“…Frisson (myc"^, nod"^) (Samra and tobacco (Dumas et al, 1989;Pacovsky, 1989;et al, 1996a). However, discrimination between Schellenbaum, Gianinazzi & Gianinazzi-Pearson, symbiosis-related (SR) polypeptides and fungal 1992; Arines, Palma & Vilarino, 1993, Garcia-polypeptides was still difficult, owing to the fact that Garrido, Toro & Ocampo, 1993; Dumas-Gaudot et the fungal partner of the AM symbiosis is a true al., 19946). The accumulation of new polypeptides symbiont which has a very limited growth without in AM symbiosis was also demonstrated in RiT-the host roots (Becard, Douds & Pfeffer, 1992).…”

Proteomic studies of arbuscular mycorrhizal associations

“…In tomato roots with proteins separated exclusively by native PAGE it was similarly possible to detect three constitutive chitinase isoforms and one isoform that were shown to be induced by Glomus intraradices colonization [35]. In order to improve electrophoresis resolution, protein extracts from mycorrhizal roots of red clover were fractionated by ion exchange chromatography before SDS-PAGE [36]. Roots were ground in liquid nitrogen and the resulting powder was homogenized in K-phosphate buffer, and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) and ascorbic acid were added to the lysis buffer toavoid interference caused by phenolic compounds and oxidizing agents present within the sample.…”

“…Compounds that could interfere with cchromatography were removed in an extra clean-up step by precipitating proteins with ammonium sulfate saturations, and salts were removed by dialysis from the precipitates. Proteins were then vacuum concentrated and ressolubilized [36]. Chromatography was used for subsequent analysis of the fractions through two independent separation methods, isoelectric focusing (IEF) and SDS-PAGE.…”

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Inoculation on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Maize Plants at Different Levels of Fe and Zn Fertilization

“…Arines et al, (1993) also detected two to six fold increases in soluble proteins in mycorrhizal clover roots. Zinc nutrition also enhanced the accumulation of soluble proteins in mycorrhizal plants which may be due to the fact that Zn is responsible for the synthesis of amino acids such as tryptophan and asparagine.…”