Comparison of some correlation measures for continuous and categorical data

Skotarczak, Ewa; Dobek, A.; Moliński, Krzysztof

doi:10.2478/bile-2019-0015

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The V-Cramer correlation coefficient is a measure that is based on the dependency statistics χ 2 . It is determined from the following formula [47]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Crowdsourcing as Part of User-Driven Innovation Activity Affect Its Results? An Empirical Analysis of R&D Departments in Poland

et al. 2021

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Entrepreneurs have long been convinced about the power and possibilities of the Internet. Nowadays, the Internet is an integral tool for the functioning of a company, not only as an alternative distribution channel, but also as a channel of information and communication flow, a means of interaction with the environment. The increasing use of the Internet, and especially of social media, made it possible to escalate the activity of various social groups in various areas of the company’s activity, including innovation, leading to the development of crowdsourcing. Crowdsourcing has redefined the existing production rules and ways of using labor resources. Its potential lies in openness, partnership, resource sharing and global action. There are already many studies on crowdsourcing and innovation, but little attention is paid to the relationship between crowdsourcing and the determinants of innovation activity. Thus, the aim of this research is examining whether the use of crowdsourcing while cooperating with product users in accordance with the concept of user-driven innovation (UDI) has an impact on selected aspects of innovative activity. An original questionnaire was used for the study. Fifty-seven R&D departments in Poland participated in the research. For the purpose of the analysis, the Kendall and V-Cramer tau correlation coefficient was used. These methods are complemented by the Ward agglomeration method. The research results show a cooperation with consumer results in the development of innovative activities in the studied R&D departments of enterprises in Poland. Using crowdsourcing results in the introduction of more product innovations, the introduction of new or significantly improved technological processes, as well as the implementation of a greater number of research and development projects.

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“…The V-Cramer correlation coefficient is a measure that is based on the dependency statistics χ 2 . It is determined from the following formula [47]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Crowdsourcing as Part of User-Driven Innovation Activity Affect Its Results? An Empirical Analysis of R&D Departments in Poland

et al. 2021

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“…Comparisons are mainly performed in terms of applications of interest. Indicatively, comparisons of correlation measures can be found in [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], among synchronization measures in [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] and among causality measures in [ 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. However, the bibliography lacks comprehensive connectivity evaluations, including both correlation and causality methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity Analysis for Multivariate Time Series: Correlation vs. Causality

Papana

2021

Entropy

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The study of the interdependence relationships of the variables of an examined system is of great importance and remains a challenging task. There are two distinct cases of interdependence. In the first case, the variables evolve in synchrony, connections are undirected and the connectivity is examined based on symmetric measures, such as correlation. In the second case, a variable drives another one and they are connected with a causal relationship. Therefore, directed connections entail the determination of the interrelationships based on causality measures. The main open question that arises is the following: can symmetric correlation measures or directional causality measures be applied to infer the connectivity network of an examined system? Using simulations, we demonstrate the performance of different connectivity measures in case of contemporaneous or/and temporal dependencies. Results suggest the sensitivity of correlation measures when temporal dependencies exist in the data. On the other hand, causality measures do not spuriously indicate causal effects when data present only contemporaneous dependencies. Finally, the necessity of introducing effective instantaneous causality measures is highlighted since they are able to handle both contemporaneous and causal effects at the same time. Results based on instantaneous causality measures are promising; however, further investigation is required in order to achieve an overall satisfactory performance.

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Home range and core area characteristics of urban and rural coyotes and red foxes in southern Wisconsin

Farmer,

Van Deelen,

Storm

et al. 2024

Wildlife Biology

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Second‐order habitat selection is influenced by a variety of factors, including individual‐ and species‐specific traits and resource requirements, as well as landscape characteristics. By comparing home range characteristics across individuals, species, and landscapes, we can draw conclusions regarding whether and how different factors influence home range selection. Our objectives were to quantify home range characteristics of VHF‐ and GPS‐collared coyotes and red foxes in urban and rural areas of southern Wisconsin, including home range size and shape, home range stability, and inter‐ and intraspecific overlap. On average, urban coyotes had smaller home ranges with apparently greater intraspecific overlap between neighboring individuals than rural coyotes. Similarly, urban red foxes had smaller home ranges with apparently greater intraspecific overlap between neighboring individuals than urban coyotes. We found no difference in home range boundary complexity or stability between urban coyotes and red foxes or between urban and rural coyotes. We did identify greater interspecific overlap between urban coyotes and red foxes than has been previously reported. Our results provide further evidence that intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as species characteristics, resource predictability and availability, and the physical environment, influence home range selection of coyotes and red foxes.

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Comparison of some correlation measures for continuous and categorical data

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Does Crowdsourcing as Part of User-Driven Innovation Activity Affect Its Results? An Empirical Analysis of R&D Departments in Poland

Does Crowdsourcing as Part of User-Driven Innovation Activity Affect Its Results? An Empirical Analysis of R&D Departments in Poland

Connectivity Analysis for Multivariate Time Series: Correlation vs. Causality

Home range and core area characteristics of urban and rural coyotes and red foxes in southern Wisconsin

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