Comparison of techniques for the extraction and quantification of extra-radical mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils

Boddington, Claire L.; Bassett, E. Eryl; Jakobsen, Iver; Dodd, J.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(98)00145-x

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We measured the length of hyphae in a 4 g subsample of soil using an aqueous extraction/filtration technique followed by microscopic quantification of hyphae at 200X magnification48. Components of soil organic matter, i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil aggregation and aggregating agents as affected by long term contrasting management of an Anthrosol

Zhang

Wang

Yang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Soil aggregation was studied in a 21-year experiment conducted on an Anthrosol. The soil management regimes consisted of cropland abandonment, bare fallow without vegetation and cropping system. The cropping system was combined with the following nutrient management treatments: control (CONTROL, no nutrient input); nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK); straw plus NPK (SNPK); and manure (M) plus NPK (MNPK). Compared with the CONTROL treatment, the abandonment treatment significantly increased the formation of large soil macroaggregates (>2 mm) and consequently improved the stability of aggregates in the surface soil layer due to enhancement of hyphal length and of soil organic matter content. However, in response to long-term bare fallow treatment aggregate stability was low, as were the levels of aggregating agents. Long term fertilization significantly redistributed macroaggregates; this could be mainly ascribed to soil organic matter contributing to the formation of 0.5–2 mm classes of aggregates and a decrease in the formation of the >2 mm class of aggregates, especially in the MNPK treatment. Overall, hyphae represented a major aggregating agent in both of the systems tested, while soil organic compounds played significantly different roles in stabilizing aggregates in Anthrosol when the cropping system and the soil management regimes were compared.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil aggregation and aggregating agents as affected by long term contrasting management of an Anthrosol

Zhang

Wang

Yang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…The length of the extra-radical mycelium (ERM) of AMF in the substrate was estimated according to Boddington et al (1999) and Melloni and Cardoso (1999). The ERM was extracted from 20 g of substrate by flotation in 1 L of tap water, blended, sieved (45 µm) and filtered onto a nitrocelullose membrane filter (0.45 µm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhiza influence on maize development under Cd stress and P supply

Andrade

Silveira

2008

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on cadmium (Cd) accumulation and on the possible attenuation of Cd stress was studied in maize plants (Zea mays L. var. Exceller). Plants inoculated or not with Glomus macrocarpum were exposed to Cd (0-20 µmol L -1 ), at two P levels (5 and 10 mg L -1 ) in the nutrient solution. The experiment was conducted in a hydroponic system, using a randomized 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design. The mycorrhiza-Cd interaction on plant growth, nutrients and Cd accumulation, AMF root colonization and on extra-radical mycelium was investigated. Mycorrhiza promoted plant growth whereas Cd addition reduced plant biomass production. No difference in plant Cd concentrations was found between mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants, where Cd accumulated mainly in roots. In general, roots showed a slightly higher Cd concentration in the cell wall than in the cytoplasmic fraction, with M roots presenting 26% more Cd in the cell wall fraction than NM roots. Mycorrhizal plants showed higher P/Cd, N/Cd and S/Cd ratios in shoots and roots compared to NM plants. Mycorrhizal colonization and the length of extra-radical mycelium were diminished by Cd addition, the reduction being more pronounced under high-P supply. Addition of Cd induced guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) activity in roots; however, M plants, in addition to the higher root protein contents, showed no induction of GPOX activity in the presence of Cd, suggesting higher tolerance to Cd. It is concluded that Cd affected mycorrhizal symbiosis by decreasing root colonization and the development of the extraradical mycelium. Nevertheless, the higher growth and nutrients/Cd ratios observed in M plants indicate an efficient symbiosis capable of alleviating Cd stress. Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Cd distribution, extra-radical mycelium, heavy metals, peroxidase, phosphorus Micorriza influencia o desenvolvimento do milho sob estresse de Cd e suprimento de P: A influência dos fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) no acúmulo e na atenuação potencial do estresse causado pelo Cd foi estudada em plantas de milho (Zea mays L. var. Exceller). Plantas associadas ou não com o FMA Glomus macrocarpum foram expostas ao Cd (0-20 mmol L -1 ) em dois níveis de P (5 e 10 mg L -1 ), em solução nutritiva. O experimento foi conduzido em sistema hidropônico, com delineamento totalmente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2. Avaliou-se o efeito da interação micorriza-Cd sobre o crescimento da planta, o acúmulo de Cd e de nutrientes, a colonização micorrízica da raiz e a produção de micélio extra-radical. A micorriza promoveu o crescimento da planta enquanto a adição de Cd reduziu a produção de biomassa vegetal. Não foram observadas diferenças nas concentrações de Cd de plantas micorrizadas (M) e não-micorrizadas (NM), acumulando-se o Cd principalmente nas raízes. Em geral, as raízes mostraram maior concentração de Cd na fração da parede celular do que na citoplasmática, sendo que raízes de plantas M apresentaram quantidade de Cd 26% maior na fração...

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“…Phosphorus was determined by the molybdenum blue method (Allen, 1989) and As using a Model AFS-920 Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer (Beijing Titan Instruments Co. Ltd.). The extraradical mycelium was extracted from three replicate w7-g sub-samples of soil from each pot using the aqueous membrane filtration technique (Boddington et al, 1999) and hyphal length was estimated using a modified membrane filter technique (Jakobsen et al, 1992).…”

Section: Plant Harvest and Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae can enhance arsenic tolerance in Medicago truncatula by increasing plant phosphorus status and restricting arsenate uptake

Christie

Liu

et al. 2008

Environmental Pollution

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G. mosseae was more tolerant than M. truncatula to As and may have conferred enhanced host tolerance by restricting root As uptake and enhancing P nutrition. AbstractA pot experiment examined the biomass and As uptake of Medicago truncatula colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae in low-P soil experimentally contaminated with different levels of arsenate. The biomass of G. mosseae external mycelium was unaffected by the highest addition level of As studied (200 mg kg À1 ) but shoot and root biomass declined in both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants, indicating that the AM fungus was more tolerant than M. truncatula to arsenate. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased shoot and root dry weights by enhancing host plant P nutrition and lowering shoot and root As concentrations compared with uninoculated plants. The AM fungus may have been highly tolerant to As and conferred enhanced tolerance to arsenate on the host plant by enhancing P nutrition and restricting root As uptake.

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Comparison of techniques for the extraction and quantification of extra-radical mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils

Cited by 36 publications

References 13 publications

Soil aggregation and aggregating agents as affected by long term contrasting management of an Anthrosol

Soil aggregation and aggregating agents as affected by long term contrasting management of an Anthrosol

Mycorrhiza influence on maize development under Cd stress and P supply

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae can enhance arsenic tolerance in Medicago truncatula by increasing plant phosphorus status and restricting arsenate uptake

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