Comparison of ultrasound vector flow imaging and CFD simulations with PIV measurements of flow in a left ventricular outflow trackt phantom - Implications for clinical use and in silico studies

Leinan, Paul Roger; Gronli, Thomas; Skjetne, Paal; Wigen, Morten Smedsrud; Urheim, Stig; Løvstakken, Lasse; Dahl, Sigrid Kaarstad

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105358

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This study extends previous experiments that have validated ePIV and finite-element CFD in various geometries and modeling strategies. These include ventricular, 14 aortic, 42 , 43 coronary, 23 and carotid 15 , 22 artery phantoms. For ePIV, the differences in velocity magnitude of about 9% to 17% have been reported, 14 , 15 which was of similar order in our study (4% to 11%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease

van de Velde,

van Helvert,

Engelhard

et al. 2024

J. Med. Imag.

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To investigate the accuracy of high-framerate echo particle image velocimetry (ePIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for determining velocity vectors in femoral bifurcation models through comparison with optical particle image velocimetry (oPIV).Approach: Separate femoral bifurcation models were built for oPIV and ePIV measurements of a non-stenosed (control) and a 75%-area stenosed common femoral artery. A flow loop was used to create triphasic pulsatile flow. In-plane velocity vectors were measured with oPIV and ePIV. Flow was simulated with CFD using boundary conditions from ePIV and additional duplex-ultrasound (DUS) measurements. Mean differences and 95%-limits of agreement (1.96*SD) of the velocity magnitudes in space and time were compared, and the similarity of vector complexity (VC) and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) was assessed.Results: Similar flow features were observed between modalities with velocities up to 110 and 330 cm∕s in the control and the stenosed model, respectively. Relative to oPIV, ePIV and CFD-ePIV showed negligible mean differences in velocity (<3 cm∕s), with limits of agreement of AE25 cm∕s (control) and AE34 cm∕s (stenosed). CFD-DUS overestimated velocities with limits of agreements of 13 AE 40 and 16.1 AE 55 cm∕s for the control and stenosed model, respectively. VC showed good agreement, whereas TAWSS showed similar trends but with higher values for ePIV, CFD-DUS, and CFD-ePIV compared to oPIV.Conclusions: EPIV and CFD-ePIV can accurately measure complex flow features in the femoral bifurcation and around a stenosis. CFD-DUS showed larger deviations in velocities making it a less robust technique for hemodynamical assessment. The applied ePIV and CFD techniques enable two-and three-dimensional assessment of local hemodynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution and thereby overcome key limitations of current clinical modalities making them an attractive and cost-effective alternative for hemodynamical assessment in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease

van de Velde,

van Helvert,

Engelhard

et al. 2024

J. Med. Imag.

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show abstract

“…In the context of functional investigations, the insertion of 3D models in a mock-circulatory loop (MCL) system provides a useful tool to reproduce and study the cardiovascular system at a patient-specific level in terms of geometry and hemodynamic conditions ( 16 – 18 ). Furthermore, imaging models inserted in MCL systems by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ( 19 , 20 ), ultrasound (US) ( 21 – 23 ), and particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) ( 24 ) can deepen the knowledge of cardiovascular diseases, providing insights into the pathology conditions and progression, also in combination with in-silico studies ( 25 , 26 ). However, each imaging modality requires specific features of the manufacturing material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of deformable patient-specific AAA models by material casting techniques

Antonuccio,

Gasparotti,

Bardi

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundAbdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a balloon-like dilatation that can be life-threatening if not treated. Fabricating patient-specific AAA models can be beneficial for in-vitro investigations of hemodynamics, as well as for pre-surgical planning and training, testing the effectiveness of different interventions, or developing new surgical procedures. The current direct additive manufacturing techniques cannot simultaneously ensure the flexibility and transparency of models required by some applications. Therefore, casting techniques are presented to overcome these limitations and make the manufactured models suitable for in-vitro hemodynamic investigations, such as particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements or medical imaging.MethodsTwo complex patient-specific AAA geometries were considered, and the related 3D models were fabricated through material casting. In particular, two casting approaches, i.e. lost molds and lost core casting, were investigated and tested to manufacture the deformable AAA models. The manufactured models were acquired by magnetic resonance, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound imaging, and PIV. In particular, CT scans were segmented to generate a volumetric reconstruction for each manufactured model that was compared to a reference model to assess the accuracy of the manufacturing process.ResultsBoth lost molds and lost core casting techniques were successful in the manufacturing of the models. The lost molds casting allowed a high-level surface finish in the final 3D model. In this first case, the average signed distance between the manufactured model and the reference was (−0.2±0.2) mm. However, this approach was more expensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, the lost core casting was more affordable and allowed the reuse of the external molds to fabricate multiple copies of the same AAA model. In this second case, the average signed distance between the manufactured model and the reference was (0.1±0.6) mm. However, the final model’s surface finish quality was poorer compared to the model obtained by lost molds casting as the sealing of the outer molds was not as firm as the other casting technique.ConclusionsBoth lost molds and lost core casting techniques can be used for manufacturing patient-specific deformable AAA models suitable for hemodynamic investigations, including medical imaging and PIV.

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“…This study extends previous experiments that have validated ePIV and finite-element CFD in various geometries and modeling strategies. These include ventricular 125 , aortic 148,149 , coronary 130 and carotid 76,129 artery phantoms. For ePIV, differences in velocity magnitude of about 9-17% have been reported, 76,125 which was of similar order in our study (4-11%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational fluid dynamics for peripheral artery disease

van de Velde

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Comparison of ultrasound vector flow imaging and CFD simulations with PIV measurements of flow in a left ventricular outflow trackt phantom - Implications for clinical use and in silico studies

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease

Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease

Fabrication of deformable patient-specific AAA models by material casting techniques

Computational fluid dynamics for peripheral artery disease

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