Comparisons in Soft-Tissue Thicknesses on the Human Face in Fresh and Embalmed Corpses Using Needle Puncture Method

Abstract

SUMMARY:The aim of the present study is to analyze the differences in the soft facial tissue thicknesses measured in corpses without fixing, with recent death, and in embalmed corpses. 30 male human corpses were used; they were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of a conservation method. Fifteen bodies, without any method of conservation, with an average age of 38.6 years (SD 8.37) and Fifteen preserved bodies by means of the intravascular injection technique of fixing conservative solution on the basis of formaldehyde, with an average age of 38.4 years (SD 7.67). In each one of them the thickness was measured in eight medium and six bilateral paramedium landmarks, using the needle-punction method. The descriptive statistical ones were calculated and the t test was applied with 95% of significance. All the landmarks, except for right exocanthion and left and right gonion, presented bigger thickness in the cadavers embalsamed. You differ significant they were in the Trichion, glabella, nasion, pogonion, right superciliare, right supraorbital, right infraorbital, right gonion, left superciliare, left supraorbital, right infraorbital landmarks.

Ancestry and BMI Influences on Facial Soft Tissue Depths for A Cohort of Chinese and Caucasoid Women in Dunedin, New Zealand

“…Ancestry is often discussed as an influence on soft tissue values, yet most times ancestry has qualitatively described, assessed by country of location and citizenship , or by skin color . Assessment of ancestry from skin color is known to have severe limitations .…”

“…**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). assessed by country of location and citizenship (3)(4)(5)(6)12,13,17,19,30,31), or by skin color (15,32). Assessment of ancestry from skin color is known to have severe limitations (25,33).…”

Handbook on Craniofacial Superimposition

“…Simpson and Henneberg (2002) reported an increase in soft tissue thickness of all landmarks, due to embalming processes. Galdames et al (2008) indicated that the embalmed cadavers presented larger thicknesses of tissue in all sites, with the exception of the right exocanthion and right and left gonion points. The most significant differences between fresh and embalmed tissue were observed at the trichion, glabella, nasion, pogonion, superciliary, supraorbital, infraorbital, and gonion points (Galdames et al 2008;Simpson and Henneberg 2002).…”

“…• Needle puncture (Codinha and Fialho 2010;Simpson and Henneberg 2002;Domaracki and Stephan 2006;Rhine and Campbell 1980;Suzuki 1948;Birkner 1905;Stadtmuller 1925;Rhine et al 1982;Galdames et al 2008;His 1895;von Eggeling 1909) Fig. 3.4 Craniometric points in frontal view.…”

“…There seems to be one major difference of opinion with regard to the thicknesses of facial tissues (Wilkinson 2002). The results obtained by the needle puncture method in cadavers are relative to the process of dehydration of the soft tissue (10-18 g/day/weight), resulting in considerable variations depending on the (Galdames et al 2008;de Greef et al 2006).…”