Comparission of Development Levels Between Rural and Industrial Areas in the State of São Paulo

Abstract

Verifying the level of development of localities is strategic because it allows public management to make correct decisions. In this way, the goal of this paper is to compare the levels of development between areas that are typically rural to the typically industrial ones of the state of São Paulo and check which one is more developed. To achieve the results, it was used the method of factor analysis, with variables of several dimensions to build indicators. The factor analysis returns three factors. According to its characteristics they were considered indicators of rural development, urban development and industrial and services development. Clusters of similar areas also have been set up according to those three indicators. The results showed that the cluster of typically rural areas may present higher levels of development when compared to the industrial ones. Keywords: Development Indicators. Local Development. Rural Development. Public Policies.Resumo: Verificar o nível de desenvolvimento das localidades é estratégico porque permite que a gestão pública tome decisões corretas. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é comparar os níveis de desenvolvimento entre áreas que são tipicamente rurais com as tipicamente industriais do estado de São Paulo. Para alcançar os resultados, é utilizado o método de análise fatorial, com variáveis de diversas dimensões para a construção de indicadores de desenvolvimento. A análise fatorial retorna três fatores os quais são considerados indicadores. Assim, de acordo com suas características, foram considerados indicadores de desenvolvimento rural, desenvolvimento urbano e desenvolvimento industrial e de serviços. Clusters de regiões similares também são configurados de acordo com estes três indicadores. Os resultados mostram que o cluster de áreas tipicamente rurais pode apresentar níveis de desenvolvimento mais elevados quando comparados ao cluster de áreas tipicamente industriais e de serviços. Palavras-chave: Indicadores de desenvolvimento. Desenvolvimento local. Desenvolvimento Rural. Políticas Públicas.Área ABEIN: 4.5 Inovação, desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade. Classificação JEL: R1 2 COMPARISSION OF DEVELOPMENT LEVELS BETWEEN RURAL AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULOAbstract: Verifying the level of development of localities is strategic because it allows public management to make correct decisions. In this way, the goal of this paper is to compare the levels of development between areas that are typically rural to the typically industrial ones of the state of São Paulo and check which one is more developed. To achieve the results, it was used the method of factor analysis, with variables of several dimensions to build indicators. The factor analysis returns three factors. According to its characteristics they were considered indicators of rural development, urban development and industrial and services development. Clusters of similar areas also have been set up according to those three indicators. The results showed that the cluster of typically...