Compatibility of resorbable and nonresorbable guided tissue regeneration membranes in cultures of primary human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and human osteoblast-like cells

Abstract

The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the cytocompatibility of three resorbable and nonresorbable membranes in fibroblast and osteoblast-like cell cultures and (b) to observe the growth of those cells on the various barriers by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Primary human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF) and human osteoblast-like cells (SAOS-2) were incubated with nonresorbable polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) barriers and resorbable polylactic acid as well as collagen membranes. Cytotoxic effects were determined by XTT (mitochondrial metabolic activity) and sulforhodamine B assays (cellular protein content). In addition, HPLF and SAOS-2 grown for 21 days on the investigated barriers were evaluated by SEM. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.05). No changes were established in the periodontal ligament fibroblasts and human osteoblast-like cells after incubation with the collagen membrane. Cytotoxic effects, however, were induced by the polylactic acid barrier which slightly inhibited cell metabolism of the periodontal fibroblasts (XTT: 90.1% +/- 3.6 of control value). Moderate cytotoxic reactions were caused by the nonresorbable ePTFE membrane in HPLF-cultures (XTT: 82.7% +/- 3.5) and osteoblast-like cell monolayers (XTT: 80.0% +/- 0.6%). Mitochondrial activity in both cell cultures was significantly reduced by ePTFE barriers in comparison to non-incubated control cells (P = 0.028). SEM analysis of cell behavior on barriers demonstrated the differences between these materials: collagen barriers were densely populated with HPLF and SAOS-2, whereas only few or no cells were seen to adhere to the ePTFE and polylactic acid membranes. Our findings indicate that the collagen barrier investigated is very cytocompatible and may be integrated into connective tissue well. On the contrary, the ePTFE and polylactic acid membranes induced slight to moderate cytotoxic reactions which may reduce cellular adhesion. Thus, gap formation between the barrier surface and the connective tissue may be promoted which may facilitate epithelial downgrowth and microbial accumulation. Consequently, these effects may reduce the potential gain in periodontal attachment.

Nanocalcium sulfate and collagen biomaterials: Effects on osteoblastic cells

“…Since the experiments conducted in the present study were in vitro ones of relatively short duration, the resorption of the various membranes did not most likely factor into the results with respect to the enhancing effects of the nCS. However, our data are consistent with those of others that suggest that collagen membranes can support the growth/proliferation of these cells [20,21]. It is interesting to note that the nCS coating did not significantly increase this parameter as measured with the MTT assay for the BioGide® membrane and had only relatively small effects for the RCM6 TM and HeliPLUG® products.…”

Comparison of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles of initial wound healing of rats induced by PDCM and e‐PTFE

“…However, the e-PTFE and polylactic acid membranes induced slight to moderate cytotoxic reactions that may reduce cellular adhesion. 36 One of our preceding studies used an immunohistochemical method to localize postulated adhesion molecules (␣2, ␣3, and ␣6␤1) at the interface of PDCM and adjacent connective tissue. The results suggest that PDCM possesses a good-quality high protein bonding surface to achieve tissue integration with adjacent connective tissue.…”

Toward guided tissue and bone regeneration: morphology, attachment, proliferation, and migration of cells cultured on collagen barrier membranes. A systematic review

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] However, it has also been shown that not all cell types show the same affi nity for a given surface. 28 The aim of the GTR procedure is the regeneration of a fully functional periodontium, including new cementum and periodontal ligament (PDL), as well as new bone.…”