2014
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4412
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Competition-driven speciation in cichlid fish

Abstract: Theoretically, competition can initiate divergence in habitat use between individuals of a species, leading to restricted gene flow and eventual speciation. Evidence that sister species differ in habitat use is commonplace and consistent with this mechanism, but empirical experimental support is surprisingly scarce. Here we provide evidence that competition has taken a key role in the evolution of genetically distinct ecomorphs of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish Telmatochromis temporalis. Experiments show tha… Show more

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Cited by 58 publications
(61 citation statements)
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“…In contrast to the above examples, asymmetries in competitive abilities can also launch processes which promote assortative mating, for example when asymmetric dominance relationships between taxa underlie their segregation into different habitats (Vallin and Qvarnström 2011; Vallin et al., 2012b; Winkelmann et al. 2014). We cannot rule out the possibility that asymmetric dominance relationships between Tropheus morphs in secondary contact would also result in habitat segregation and thereby strengthen rather than weaken reproductive isolation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast to the above examples, asymmetries in competitive abilities can also launch processes which promote assortative mating, for example when asymmetric dominance relationships between taxa underlie their segregation into different habitats (Vallin and Qvarnström 2011; Vallin et al., 2012b; Winkelmann et al. 2014). We cannot rule out the possibility that asymmetric dominance relationships between Tropheus morphs in secondary contact would also result in habitat segregation and thereby strengthen rather than weaken reproductive isolation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, Winkelmann and others (Winkelmann et al . ) conclude that competition played an important role in speciation and in maintenance of ecomorphs in cichlid fish in Lake Tanganyika, while Bailey and others (Bailey et al . ) found the extent of diversification in experimentally altered Pseudomonas microcosms to be determined by the strength of resource competition by conspecifics, in relation to the degree of ecological opportunity provided by levels of interspecific competitors.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Furthermore, repeated lake-level fluctuation is thought to drive diversification of Tanganyikan cichlids through the repetitive shrinking and expansion of habitats [75]. A Tanganyikan cichlid, T. temporalis , has diversified into two genetically distinct ecomorphs: a large-bodied rock-living ecomorph and a small-bodied shell-living ecomorph [76,77]. This diversification occurred repeatedly in places where rocky habitats and shell beds were neighbouring.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This diversification occurred repeatedly in places where rocky habitats and shell beds were neighbouring. Therefore, a variant that was small in size when mature, originating from the original population in the rocky habitat, is thought to have shifted to the shell bed when the shell bed reached a suitable depth due to lake-level changes [77]. …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%