Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Acute and Mild Strains of Classical Swine Fever Virus Subgenotype 3.2

Lim, Suk-Kyung; Han, Songhee; Hyun, Hyesook; Lim, Ji-Ae; Song, Jae‐Young; Cho, In‐Soo; An, Dong-Jun

doi:10.1128/genomea.01329-15

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This lineage showed a genetic divergence compared to the remaining CSFV genotypes that ranged between 15.6% and 19.1% (Figure c). The CSFV strains JJ9811 and YI9908 have been previously classified as Genotype 3, Subgenotype 3.2 (Lim et al., ). However, this previous classification was based on the phylogenetic analysis using the segment of E2 comprising 190 nt (E2‐190 marker) (Lowings, Ibata, Needham, & Paton, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these isolates were reclassified as Subgenotype 1.4 when the phylogenetic analysis was accomplished using the E2‐complete gene marker that showed a genetic segregation between 9.8% and 15.8% to sequences of Subgenotype 1.2 (Postel et al., ). Thus, the use of the marker E2‐190 (Lowings et al., ) could have lead to a misclassification of the CSFV strains JJ9811 and YI9908 into the Subgenotype 3.2 (Lim et al., ). It is also relevant to consider that the lineage formed by the CSFV strains JJ9811 and YI9908 showed a genetic divergence of 16.6% with the CSFV strains belonging to the Genotype 3 (Figure b and c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the genetic diversity of classical swine fever virus: A proposal for new genotyping and subgenotyping schemes of classification

Rios

Núñez

Arce

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious febrile viral disease caused by CSF virus (CSFV), and it is considered one of the most important infectious diseases that affect domestic pigs and wild boar. Previous molecular epidemiology studies have revealed that the diversity of CSFV comprises three main genotypes and different subgenotypes defined using a reliable cut-off to accurately classify CSFV at genotype and subgenotype levels. However, a growing number of CSFV both complete genome and full E2 gene sequences have been submitted to GenBank (more than 500 sequences are currently available, revised on December 1, 2017). Therefore, the aim of this study was to revisit the taxonomy of CSFV at genotype and subgenotype levels, to unify nomenclature and to provide an update to the classification of CSFV. We propose here a new genotyping scheme with five well-defined CSFV genotypes (CSFV Genotypes 1-5) and 14 subgenotypes (seven for each of the CSFV Genotype 1 and CSFV Genotype 2). The findings showed in this study are relevant for molecular epidemiology approaches and will help to better understand the genetic diversity and spreading of CSFV at a global scale. The update in the classification of CSFV will allow the scientific community to establish more accurately the links among different outbreaks of the disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the genetic diversity of classical swine fever virus: A proposal for new genotyping and subgenotyping schemes of classification

Rios

Núñez

Arce

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

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show abstract

“…No information is available regarding the virulence of the strain isolated in the United Kingdom, which belongs to genotype 4. In the genotype 5 strains in South Korea, YI9908 (KT716271) showed acute CSF, while JJ9811 (KF669877) showed milder clinical signs of CSF in experimental conditions (Lim et al., 2016). The lack of information, especially about genotypes 4 and 5, necessitates further data collection and analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology of the outbreak of subgenotype 2.5 classical swine fever virus in northern Vietnam

Izzati

Hoa

Lan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is an endemic disease in southeastern Asia and is one of the most important swine diseases in Vietnam. This study was conducted to characterize the pathology of natural cases of CSF in northern Vietnam in 2018 and their genetic prevalence. A total of 10 representative pigs were collected from four provinces (Hung Yen, Ha Noi, Quang Ninh and Thai Binh) during five outbreaks and examined pathologically. The gross and histopathological findings showed the disease was expressed as the acute or the subacute to chronic form of CSF, depending on the age of the animals. The most consistently observed lesions associated with infection by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) included lymphoid depletions in tonsils, lymph node and spleen; histiocytic hyperplasia in spleen; cerebral haemorrhage; perivascular cuffing in the brain; renal erythrodiapedesis; urothelial vacuolation and degeneration and interstitial pneumonia. The immunohistochemical findings showed a ubiquitous CSFV antigen mainly in the monocytes/macrophages and in the epithelial and endothelial cells in various organs. CSFV neurotropism was also found in the small neurons of the cerebrum and the ganglia of the myenteric plexus. Analysis of the full‐length envelope protein (E2) genome sequence showed that all strains were genetically clustered into subgenotype 2.5, sharing a nucleotide identity of 94.0%–100.00%. Based on the results of this study, the strain was categorized as a moderately virulent CSFV.

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“…In the same way, the mutations N 40 D and N 40 E on reacted HCLV-E2 could effectively abolish or diminish its reactivity with mAb 6B211, while mutation D 40 N on unreacted GD53-E2 could generate its reactivity with mAb 6B211 (Figure 4C). Meanwhile, mutations L 37 G, L 39 A, D 41 T, and D 42 L, but not D 36 G, Q 38 G, T 43 G, V 44 A, and K 45 G, at flanking sites of reacted HCLV-E2 also abolished or significantly diminished its reactivity with 6B211 (Figure 4C). These results showed that the critical aa motifs of mAbs 9A4H4-and 6B211-recognizing epitopes are 271 RXGP 274 and 37 LXLNDG 42 , respectively.…”

Section: Critical Aa Motifs Of the Epitopes Recognized By Anti-e2 Mabsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To further characterize the reactivity spectrum of the mAbs, E rns and E2 proteins of CSFV field isolates and vaccine strains of other sub-genotypes unavailable in our laboratory were respectively expressed in the above baculovirus system using synthesized gene fragments based on published sequences in GenBank [Figure S1 and Table S1 (7,17,(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)]. The binding of anti-E rns and anti-E2 mAbs with recombinant E rns and E2 proteins was analyzed by Western blot as previously described (36,46).…”

Section: Identification Of Specificity and Reactivity Of Anti-e Rns A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies that specifically differentiate field isolates from vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a major animal pathogen threatening the global pork industry. To date, numerous anti-CSFV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their recognizing epitopes have been reported. However, few mAbs were systematically characterized for the capacity to differentiate field CSFV isolates from CSF vaccine strains, and the molecular basis associated with antigenic differences between vaccines and field isolates is still largely unknown. In the present study, recombinant CSFV structural glycoproteins E2 of both virulent and vaccine strains and Erns of vaccine strain were expressed using eukaryotic cells and murine mAbs generated against E2 and Erns. After serial screening and cloning of the hybridomas, the viral spectra of mAbs were respectively determined by indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) using 108 CSFVs, followed by Western blot analysis using expressed glycoproteins of all CSFV sub-genotypes including vaccine strains. The antigenic structures recognized by these mAbs were characterized by epitope mapping using truncated, chimeric, and site-directed mutated E2 and Erns proteins. We have identified two vaccine-specific, one field isolate-specific, and two universal CSFV-specific mAbs and five novel conformational epitopes with critical amino acid (aa) motifs that are associated with these five mAbs: 213EPD215, 271RXGP274, and 37LXLNDG42 on E2 and 38CKGVP42, W81, and D100/V107 on Erns. Particularly, E213 of E2 is field isolate-specific, while N40 of E2 and D100/V107 of Erns are vaccine strain-specific. Results from our study further indicate that N40D of E2 mutation in field strains was likely produced under positive selection associated with long-term mass vaccination, leading to CSFV evasion of host immune response. Taking together, this study provides new insights into the antigenic structure of CSFV E2 and Erns and the differentiating mAbs will contribute to the development of a diagnostic strategy to differentiate C-strain vaccination from natural infection (DIVA) of CSFV in terms of elimination of CSF in China.

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Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Acute and Mild Strains of Classical Swine Fever Virus Subgenotype 3.2

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Revisiting the genetic diversity of classical swine fever virus: A proposal for new genotyping and subgenotyping schemes of classification

Revisiting the genetic diversity of classical swine fever virus: A proposal for new genotyping and subgenotyping schemes of classification

Pathology of the outbreak of subgenotype 2.5 classical swine fever virus in northern Vietnam

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies that specifically differentiate field isolates from vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus

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