Complete Hydrogen and Helium Particle Spectra from 30- to 60-MeV Proton Bombardment of Nuclei with<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>12</mml:mn><mml:mn /><mml:mi> </mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">to</mml:mi><mml:mi> </mml:mi><mml:mn>209</mml:mn></mml:math>and Comparison with the Intranuclear Cascade Model

Bertrand, F.; Peelle, R.W.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.8.1045

Cited by 223 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…9. The magnitude and shape of the calculated results curve are in good agreement with the experimental data [20].…”

Section: Theoretical Results and Analysissupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The magnitude and shape of theoretical calculated curve of energy spectra for neutron, proton, deuteron, triton and helium emission is in accordance with the experimental data. The calculated results of the energy spectra of proton, alpha, deuteron, triton and helium emission for p+ 209 Bi reaction are compared with the experimental data [20] at incident proton energy 61.7 MeV in Fig. 7.…”

Section: Theoretical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on ^{204,206,207,208}Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi

Zhang

Liang

et al. 2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract. All cross sections of proton induced reactions, angular distributions, energy spectra and double differential cross sections of neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, helium and alpha-particle emissions for p+ 204,206,207,208 Pb, 209 Bi reactions are consistently calculated and analyzed at incident proton energies below 200 MeV. The optical model, the distorted wave Born approximation theory, the unified Hauser-Feshbach and exciton model which includes the improved Iwamoto-Harada model are used. Theoretically calculated results are compared with the existing experimental data.

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“…9. The magnitude and shape of the calculated results curve are in good agreement with the experimental data [20].…”

Section: Theoretical Results and Analysissupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Theoretical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on ^{204,206,207,208}Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi

Zhang

Liang

et al. 2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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“…This will allow others to use our codes as event-generators in these transport codes to simulate reactions with targets of practically arbitrary geometry and nuclide composition. Figure 1 shows examples of calculated by CEM2k and LAQGSM neutron spectra from interactions of protons with 208 Pb at 0.8 GeV, while Figure 2 gives examples of p, d, t, 3 He, and 4 He spectra from p (61 MeV) + Fe compared with experimental data by Ishibashi et al (1997) and Bertrand and Peelle (1973).…”

Section: Cem2k and Laqgsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

CEM2K and LAQGSM codes as event generators for space-radiation-shielding and cosmic-ray-propagation applications

Mashnik

Gudima

Moskalenko

et al. 2004

Advances in Space Research

100

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The CEM2k and LAQGSM codes have been recently developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory to simulate nuclear reactions for a number of applications. We have benchmarked our codes against most available data measured at incident particle energies from 10 MeV to 800 GeV and have compared our results with predictions of other current models used by the nuclear community. Here, we present a brief description of our codes and show some illustrative results that testify that CEM2k and LAQGSM can be used as reliable event generators for space-radiation-shielding, cosmic-ray propagation, and other astrophysical applications. Finally, we show an example of combining of our calculated cross sections with experimental data from our LANL T-16 compilation to produce evaluated files. Such evaluated files were successfully used in the model of particle propagation in the Galaxy GALPROP to better constrain the size of the cosmic-ray halo.

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“…4. Evaluated proton and alpha particle emission spectra, integrated over alI angles, compared with measurements [24] for C and O. In the case of alpha-particle emission from oxygen, the neutron-induced data from Subramanian et al [18] me shown for comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For protons, measurements of secondary particle emission spectra from Oak Ridge National Laboratory [24], the University of Maryland [25,26], Los Alamos [27,28], and the National Accelerator Center (Faure) [29], have played a significant role in the evaluations. The total nonelastic cross sections were obtained from the compilation by Carlson [30], and from optical model calculations.…”

Section: Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron, proton, and photonuclear cross-sections for radiation therapy and radiation protection

Chadwick¹

1998

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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Les Afamos Natlonsl Moratory, an affirmative astiedequal oppertun"kyempleyer, is operated by the Unheraiiy of CMomia for the U.S. Deparbnent of Ene&y under mntract W-740MNG-36. By accaptanca of this article, the publisher rewgnfzes that the U.S. Gwemment retafns a nonexslustie, reya~free license to pubfii or repreduce the pubfried form of thii scmtributien, or to allow others 10 do SO,for U.S. Government purposes. The k Afamos National Laberatmy requests that the pubfkher identify this article aa wxk perfonnad under the auspicas of the U.S. AbstractWe review recent work at Los Alamos to evaluate neutron, proton, and photonuclear cross sections up to 150 MeV (to 250 MeV for protons), based on experimental data and nucIear model calculations. These data are represented in the ENDF format and can be used in computer codes to simulate radiation transport. They permit calculations of absorbed dose in the body from therapy beams, and through use of kerma coefficients allow absorbed dose to be estimated for a given neutron energy distribution. For radiation protection, these data can be used to determine shielding requirements in accelerator environments, and to calculate neutron, proton,~-ray, and radionuclide production. Illui%rative comparisons of the evaluated cross section and kerma coefficient data with measurements are given.

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Complete Hydrogen and Helium Particle Spectra from 30- to 60-MeV Proton Bombardment of Nuclei withA=12 to 209and Comparison with the Intranuclear Cascade Model

Cited by 223 publications

References 58 publications

The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on ^{204,206,207,208}Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi

The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on ^{204,206,207,208}Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi

CEM2K and LAQGSM codes as event generators for space-radiation-shielding and cosmic-ray-propagation applications

Neutron, proton, and photonuclear cross-sections for radiation therapy and radiation protection

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Complete Hydrogen and Helium Particle Spectra from 30- to 60-MeV Proton Bombardment of Nuclei withA=12 to 209and Comparison with the Intranuclear Cascade Model

Cited by 223 publications

References 58 publications

The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on 204,206,207,208Pb and 209Bi

The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on 204,206,207,208Pb and 209Bi

CEM2K and LAQGSM codes as event generators for space-radiation-shielding and cosmic-ray-propagation applications

Neutron, proton, and photonuclear cross-sections for radiation therapy and radiation protection

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The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on ^{204,206,207,208}Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi

The cross sections and energy spectra of the particle emission in proton induced reaction on ^{204,206,207,208}Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi