Complete Replacement of Fishmeal With Plant Protein Ingredients in Gibel Carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Diets by Supplementation With Essential Amino Acids Without Negative Impact on Growth Performance and Muscle Growth-Related Biomarkers

Cai, Wanjie; Liu, Haokun; Han, Dong; Zhu, Xiaoming; Jin, Junyan; Yang, Yunxia; Xie, Shouqi

doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.759086

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, the growth indexes of fish in the 25NGP group were not affected when 25% dietary FM was substituted with NGCP, which proved that the incorporation of non-grain proteins in golden pompano feed was feasible. These findings were comparable to previous reports on the replacement of FM by compound proteins in aquafeeds; for example, a study performed on gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) found that the entire FM in the feed could be replaced by compound plant protein without reducing growth performance [38]. Similarly, the replacement of dietary FM with a mixture of shrimp hydrolysate and plant proteins did not diminish the growth of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and the weight gain reached its maximum at the replacement ratio of 22.2% [39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost Trachinotus ovatus

Ying

Chen

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the context of human food shortages, the incorporation of non-grain feedstuff in fish feed deserves more research attention. Here, the feasibility and appropriate ratio of non-grain compound protein (NGCP, containing bovine bone meal, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and blood cell meal) for dietary fishmeal (FM) replacement were explored in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Four isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (12%) diets (Control, 25NGP, 50NGP, and 75NGP) were prepared. Control contained 24% FM, whereas the FM content of 25NGP, 50NGP, and 75NGP was 18%, 12%, and 6%, respectively, representing a 25%, 50%, and 75% replacement of FM in Control by NGCP. Juvenile golden pompano (initial weight: 9.71 ± 0.04 g) were fed the four diets for 65 days in sea cages. There was no significant difference between the 25NGP and Control groups in terms of weight gain, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate; contents of crude protein, crude lipid, moisture, and ash in muscle and whole fish; muscle textural properties including hardness, chewiness, gumminess, tenderness, springiness, and cohesiveness; and serum biochemical indexes including total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. However, the golden pompano in 50NGP and 75NGP experienced nutritional stress, and thus some indicators were negatively affected. In addition, compared to the Control group, the expression levels of genes related to protein metabolism (mtor, s6k1, and 4e-bp1) and lipid metabolism (pparγ, fas, srebp1, and acc1) of the 25NGP group showed no significant difference, but the 4e-bp1 and pparγ of the 75NGP group were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively (p < 0.05), which may explain the decline in fish growth performance and muscle quality after 75% FM was replaced by NGCP. The results suggest that at least 25% FM of Control can be replaced by NGCP, achieving a dietary FM content of as low as 18%; however, the replacement of more than 50% of the dietary FM negatively affects the growth and muscle quality of golden pompano.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost Trachinotus ovatus

Ying

Chen

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The whole FM could be replaced by the combined soybean and canola meals with AA supplementation in the diets of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) without producing any negative impacts on growth and feed utilization when blunt snout bream were provided with diets substituting 50% and 100% FM by the combined soybean and canola meals with or without limiting AA supplementation (Ahmed et al, 2019). Likewise, the whole (30.7%) FM protein could be substitutable with the mixture of plant proteins supplemented with limiting AA in the feeds of gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) without producing any undesirable effects on growth and feed utilization when gibel carp were provided with a 30.7% FM-based diet or diets replacing 20.7% and 30.7% FM protein by the mixture of plant proteins (soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, distillers dried grains with soluble, wheat gluten, SPC, and corn gluten meal) with or without limiting AA (lysine, methionine, and threonine) supplementation; however, a diet replacing the whole FM with the mixture of plant proteins without AA supplementation led to poorer growth and feed utilization than those of gibel carp fed all other diets (Cai et al, 2022). Nevertheless, the substitutability of FM to a limited amount of plant protein with AA supplementation is also reported in fish feeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Substitution effect of fish meal with various plant protein sources on growth performance and feed utilization in rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) diets including jack mackerel meal used as feed stimulants

Kim,

Cho

2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Incorporating feed stimulants and attractants in low fish meal (FM) diets is a very effective way to improve palatability and increase feed intake and fish growth. This research aims to elucidate the substitution impact of different levels of FM with various plant proteins in diets with jack mackerel meal (JMM) inclusion as feed stimulants on the growth and feed utilization of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). A two-way (2 substitution levels [25% and 50%] × 3 substitution sources [corn gluten meal (CGM), soybean protein concentrate (SPC), and corn protein concentrate (CPC)]) ANOVA experimental design was adopted. In total, 525 fish averaging 8.3 g were assigned to 21 tanks (25 juvenile/tank). Seven isoprotetic and isolipidic feeds were formulated. The control (Con) diet contained 55% FM. CGM, SPC, and CPC were replaced for 25% and 50% FM in the Con diet, and then 22% JMM as feed stimulants was included at the cost of FM, named as the CGM25, CGM50, SPC25, SPC50, CPC25, and CPC50 diets, respectively. All diets were assigned to triplicate groups of rockfish. Rockfish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 weeks. Rockfish fed the 25% FM substitution diets achieved superior (p < 0.0001 for both) weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to rockfish fed the 50% FM substitution diets, while rockfish fed the CGM-replaced diets achieved superior (p < 0.0001 for both) weight gain and SGR compared to rockfish fed the SPC- and CPC-replaced diets. The weight gain and SGR of rockfish fed the Con and CGM25 diets were superior to rockfish fed all other diets. Rockfish fed the 25% FM substitution diets achieved superior (p < 0.0001 for both) feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) compared to rockfish fed the 50% FM substitution diets, while rockfish fed the CGM-replaced diets achieved superior FE and PER compared to rockfish fed the CPC-replaced diets. Rockfish fed the 25% FM substitution diets led to superior (p < 0.0001) protein retention (PR) compared to rockfish fed the 50% FM substitution diets. The biological indices, proximate composition, and amino acid profiles of the whole body, as well as the plasma and serum parameters of rockfish, were not changed by either substitution level or substitution source. In conclusion, the replacement of CGM for 25% FM in the rockfish diet with JMM inclusion can be made without deteriorating growth performance, feed consumption and utilization, biochemical composition, and plasma and serum parameters.

show abstract

“…The imbalance of amino acids in feed can significantly reduce the growth performance of aquatic animals, which has been verified in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) [ 47 ], blunt snout bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala ) [ 21 ], and european sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) [ 48 ]. On the contrary, it has been shown that plant protein consisting of soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, distillers dried grains with soluble, wheat gluten, soy protein concentrates, and corn gluten meal can completely replace FM in the diet without negatively affecting the growth of gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio ) by adding lysine, methionine, and threonine to the diet to balance amino acids [ 49 ]. In the PP80 group, the results of growth performance may be attributed to the fact that there are high anti-nutritional factors in the feed, which reduces the digestibility of the feed and inhibits the growth of fish [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study, the expression of zo -2, claudin -3, and claudin -12 in the CP80 group was higher than in the other groups. This indicates that feeding CP80 can significantly improve fish intestinal health, which is related to low-anti-nutritional factors and amino acid balance in the feed [ 45 , 49 , 84 ]. Therefore, 80% of dietary FM replaced by Cpro can improve the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, immunity responses, and the structure of the intestinal microbiota of golden pompano.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Compound Protein Replacing Dietary Fishmeal Improved Digestive Enzyme Activity, Immune Response, Intestinal Microflora Composition, and Protein Metabolism of Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

Ma,

Su,

Chen

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Terrestrial compound protein (Cpro) can be potentially used to replace fishmeal (FM) in the marine carnivorous teleost, golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Four isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (12%) diets named FM30, AP80, PP80, and CP80 were formulated. FM30 (control) contained 30% FM and 25% basic protein, while AP80, PP80, and CP80 only contained 6% FM, where 80% FM and 25% basic protein of control diet were completely replaced by animal protein, plant protein, and Cpro, respectively. After golden pompano juveniles (initial weight: 10.32 ± 0.09 g) were, respectively, fed the four diets in floating sea cages for 10 weeks, the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity, and immune responses, protein metabolism indices of the CP80 group were similar to or better than those of the FM30 group ( P > 0.05 ), and significantly better than those of the AP80 and PP80 groups. Specifically, the weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) contents of serum, mRNA level of interleukin-10 (il-10), zonula occludens-2 (zo-2), claudin-3, claudin-12, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eif4g) were significantly higher, and the activity of α-amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS) in the foregut and midgut, interleukin-8 (il-8) expression in the intestine was significantly lower than that in the CP80 group, compared with those in AP80 and PP80 groups ( P < 0.05 ). Moreover, the intestinal microflora composition of golden pompano fed with the CP80 diet was improved. Specifically, at the phylum level, the relative abundance of harmful bacterial strains cyanobacteria and TM7 of CP80 group was similar to those of FM30 group ( P > 0.05 ), but was significantly lower than those of AP80 and PP80 groups ( P < 0.05 ). At the genus level, the beneficial bacterial strains Agrobacterium and Blantia of CP80 group were also similar to those of FM30 group ( P < 0.05 ), which were significantly higher than those of AP80 and PP80 groups, but the beneficial bacterial strains Bifidobacterium and Devosia of CP80 group were significantly higher than that in the other groups ( P < 0.05 ). Besides, in diet CP80, the contents of amino acids and anti-nutritional factor, as well as the in vitro digestion rate were comparable to those of FM30, and the anti-nutritional factor content was between AP80 and PP80; total essential amino acids (EAAs) and methionine contents were higher than those in AP80, the glycine content was higher than that in PP80. Taken together, these results indicated that the CP80 diet had better amino acid composition and relatively low content of anti-nutritional factors, as well as high-digestion rate, and thus leads to the fish fed CP80 displaying improved effects in digestive enzyme activity, immune response, protein metabolism, and intestinal microbiota composition, which may be the important reasons to explain why that 80% of FM can be replaced by Cpro in the diet of golden pompano.

show abstract

Complete Replacement of Fishmeal With Plant Protein Ingredients in Gibel Carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Diets by Supplementation With Essential Amino Acids Without Negative Impact on Growth Performance and Muscle Growth-Related Biomarkers

Cited by 11 publications

References 87 publications

Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost Trachinotus ovatus

Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost Trachinotus ovatus

Substitution effect of fish meal with various plant protein sources on growth performance and feed utilization in rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) diets including jack mackerel meal used as feed stimulants

Terrestrial Compound Protein Replacing Dietary Fishmeal Improved Digestive Enzyme Activity, Immune Response, Intestinal Microflora Composition, and Protein Metabolism of Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About