Complete sequence of the gene encoding a chorionic gonadotropin-like protein from Xanthomonas maltophilia

Grover, Sanjeev; Woodward, Scott R.; Odell, William D.

doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00056-c

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Little is known of the genetic structure of S. maltophilia. A gene of 1,362 bp encoding a 48.5-kDa chorionic gonadotrophin-like hormone has been sequenced (164,166). This hormone bears an immunological resemblance to human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (163, 165) (see below).…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

1998

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SUMMARY The gram-negative bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasingly recognized as an important cause of nosocomial infection. Infection occurs principally, but not exclusively, in debilitated and immunosuppressed individuals. Management of S. maltophilia-associated infection is problematic because many strains of the bacterium manifest resistance to multiple antibiotics. These difficulties are compounded by methodological problems in in vitro susceptibility testing for which there are, as yet, no formal guidelines. Despite its acknowledged importance as a nosocomial pathogen, little is known of the epidemiology of S. maltophilia, and although it is considered an environmental bacterium, its sources and reservoirs are often not readily apparent. Molecular typing systems may contribute to our knowledge of the epidemiology of S. maltophilia infection, thus allowing the development of strategies to interrupt the transmission of the bacterium in the hospital setting. Even less is known of pathogenic mechanisms and putative virulence factors involved in the natural history of S. maltophilia infection and this, coupled with difficulties in distinguishing colonization from true infection, has fostered the view that the bacterium is essentially nonpathogenic. This article aims to review the current taxonomic status of S. maltophilia, and it discusses the laboratory identification of the bacterium. The epidemiology of the organism is considered with particular reference to nosocomial outbreaks, several of which have been investigated by molecular typing techniques. Risk factors for acquisition of the bacterium are also reviewed, and the ever-expanding spectrum of clinical syndromes associated with S. maltophilia is surveyed. Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, pitfalls in in vitro susceptibility testing, and therapy of S. maltophilia infections are also discussed.

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Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An autocrine and/or paracrine function for xCG has been suggested following observations that when added to growth media, it (and hCG) causes changes in both the cell growth cycle and bacterial morphology (65). The nucleotide sequence of the chorionic gonadotropin-like protein receptor has been published (164,166).…”

Section: Human Carriagementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

1998

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“…The probability that these LH/CG-binding sites in bacteria are an ancestral gene of the mammalian LH/CG receptor or a result of convergent evolution has been considered in several papers (15,19,20,43). The conservation of ancestral genes from bacteria to mammals is not novel and has been reported for several other proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…x 10-10 M). The entire genomic sequence for xCG has been characterized and shown to be similar but not identical to the hCG sequence, with portions of the gene having a 46% homology to the carboxyl-terminal and other regions of thẽ subunit (20). Antibodies against the~subunit of hCG but not LH recognize the bacterial ligand (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Partial Characterization of Chorionic Gonadotropin-Like Binding Sites from the Bacteria Xanthomonas maltophilia

Edwards

Odell

2003

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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The gram-negative bacterium, Xanthomonas maltophilia, has low- and high-affinity luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin (LH/CG)-binding sites, similar to the LH/CG receptor found in mammals. Although the low-affinity site binds both LH and human CG (hCG), the high-affinity site is specific for hCG. In the current investigation, these two binding sites were independently isolated from X. maltophilia for further characterization. To isolate functional binding sites, we developed a solubilization method using the detergent zwittergent 3,14 and high glycerol concentrations that allowed for the maintenance of ligand-binding integrity. Gel filtration experiments established molecular weights of 170 and 11.5 kDa for the two binding sites, which were supported by data from photoaffinity labeling and ultracentrifugation experiments. Gel filtration data also suggested the presence of a third binding site of 5.4 kDa. The 170-kDa site had a binding affinity of Kd = 12 x 10(-6) and bound both LH and hCG. The small molecular weight site had an affinity of Kd = 9.4 x 10(-8) and was CG specific. Collectively, these data demonstrate the presence of multiple hormone binding sites in X. maltophilia that differ in molecular size, binding affinity, and ligand specificity.

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“…The partial sequence of the receptor soon followed (Grover et (Grover et al, 1995). Exposed sites on S. maltophilia cells bind both hCG and the native hCG-like ligand with equal affinity (Carrell and Odell, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stenotrophomonas

Palleroni

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ste.no.tro.pho.mo' nas . Gr. adj. stenus narrow; Gr. n. trophus one who feeds; Gr. n. monas a unit, monad; M.L. fem. n. Stenotrophomonas a unit feeding on few substrates. Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Xanthomonadales / Xanthomonadaceae / Stenotrophomonas Straight or curved rods but not helical, 0.5 × 1.5 µm, occur singly or in pairs. Do not accumulate poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate granules as intracellular reserve material. No resting stages are known. Gram negative. Motile by two or more polar flagella. Aerobic, having a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as electron acceptor. Nitrate is reduced but it is not used as a nitrogen source for growth . The colonies are yellow, greenish, or gray. The yellow color is not due to carotenoids or xanthomonadins. The colonies may turn a dark brown color with age. The major polyamines are spermidine and cadaverine . Aside from fatty acids in common with Xanthomonas species, one of the species ( S . maltophilia ) is characterized by the presence of C 17 : 0 cyclopropane fatty acid and ubiquinone Q8. No growth occurs at 4 or 41°C; the optimum growth temperature is ~35°C. Oxidase negative . Gelatinase and catalase positive. Strong lipolytic activity, as judged by the hydrolysis of Tween 80. Chemoorganotrophic . One of the species ( S . maltophilia ) is widely distributed in nature and is commonly isolated from clinical materials and nosocomial infections. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 66.9 ± 0.8. Type species : Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Hugh 1981) Palleroni and Bradbury 1993, 608 ( Pseudomonas maltophilia Hugh 1981, 195; Xanthomonas maltophilia Swings, De Vos, Van Den Mooter and De Ley 1983, 412.)

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Complete sequence of the gene encoding a chorionic gonadotropin-like protein from Xanthomonas maltophilia

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Partial Characterization of Chorionic Gonadotropin-Like Binding Sites from the Bacteria Xanthomonas maltophilia

Stenotrophomonas

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