Complex Fetal Care: Implications of Fetal Ventriculomegaly: A Neurosurgical Perspective

Abstract

Fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly is diagnosed in utero when the atrial width of at least one lateral ventricle is greater than 10 mm. It is often associated with hydrocephalus, a condition of excessive intracranial cerebrospinal fluid, but can also be related to a decrease in the amount of normal brain tissue. Neurodevelopmental outcomes may correlate with severity of ventricle enlargement, with wide variation based on cause and the presence of other associated malformations. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging are sufficient to achieve an accurate diagnosis. This article considers the prognosis and management of fetal ventriculomegaly. Special emphasis is placed on discussing the utility of neuroimaging in the diagnosis, prenatal counseling, and treatment planning for this condition.Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to:1. Define ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus in the fetal context and their associated causes, risk factors, and diagnostic approaches. 2. Discuss prognosis, management, and outcomes. 3. Describe how neuroimaging can assist with diagnosis and treatment. 4. Review the role of the neonatologist in treatment and management.