Complex micropatterning of periodic structures on elastomeric surfaces

Chiche, Arnaud; Stafford, Christopher M.; Cabral, João T.

doi:10.1039/b811817e

Cited by 120 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The first regime is now described by λ/λ 0 ∼ (ǫ/ǫ 0 ) −1/2 , whereas the second regime obeys λ/λ 0 ∼ (ǫ/ǫ 0 ) −1/3 . The expected evolution of the wavelength of this system contrasts from the case of a plain rigid sheet or even a thin ribbon deposited on a thick soft substrate [6,[8][9][10]16,18] or at the surface of a liquid [30] under uniaxial compression, where the wavelength of the wrinkles does not depend on the applied strain. Indeed this last situation corresponds to λ ≫ h m and considering the bending of the membrane would not be relevant.…”

Section: -P2mentioning

confidence: 90%

Stretch-induced wrinkles in reinforced membranes: From out-of-plane to in-plane structures

Takei

Brau

Roman

et al. 2011

EPL

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We study, through model experiments, the buckling under tension of an elastic membrane reinforced with a more rigid strip or fiber. In these systems, the compression of the rigid layer is induced through Poisson contraction as the membrane is stretched perpendicularly to the strip. Although strips always lead to out-of-plane wrinkles, we observe a transition from out-of-plane to in-plane wrinkles beyond a critical strain in the case of fibers embedded into elastic membranes. We describe through scaling laws the evolution of the morphology of the wrinkles and the different transitions as a function of material properties and stretching strain.

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Section: -P2mentioning

confidence: 90%

Stretch-induced wrinkles in reinforced membranes: From out-of-plane to in-plane structures

Takei

Brau

Roman

et al. 2011

EPL

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“…The period of wrinkles is determined by the competing dependence of strain energy on period in the film versus in the base. Several different techniques have been developed in the past to (i) generate and join/bond the film to the base [12][13][14], (ii) generate moduli mismatch [12,[15][16][17], and (iii) apply uniaxial [6,12,13] and equibiaxial strains [14,[18][19][20] to the film. Analytical and computational predictive models for uniaxial [11,21] and equibiaxial strains [22] have also been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Compact Biaxial Tensile Stage for Fabrication and Tuning of Complex Micro- and Nano-scale Wrinkle Patterns

Saha

Culpepper

2015

Journal of Micro and Nano-Manufacturing

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Wrinkling of thin films is a strain-driven process that enables scalable and low-cost fabrication of periodic micro-and nano-scale patterns. In the past, single-period sinusoidal wrinkles have been applied for thin-film metrology and microfluidics applications. However, real-world adoption of this process beyond these specific applications is limited by the inability to predictively fabricate a variety of complex functional patterns. This is primarily due to the inability of current tools and techniques to provide the means for applying large, accurate, and nonequal biaxial strains. For example, the existing biaxial tensile stages are inappropriate because they are too large to fit within the vacuum chambers that are required for thin-film deposition/growth during wrinkling. Herein, we have designed a compact biaxial tensile stage that enables (i) applying large and accurate strains to elastomeric films and (ii) in situ visualization of wrinkle formation. This stage enables one to stretch a 37.5 mm long film by 33.5% with a strain resolution of 0.027% and maintains a registration accuracy of 7 lm over repeated registrations of the stage to a custom-assembled vision system. Herein, we also demonstrate the utility of the stage in (i) studying the wrinkling process and (ii) fabricating complex wrinkled patterns that are inaccessible via other techniques. Specifically, we demonstrate that (i) spatial nonuniformity in the patterns is limited to 6.5%, (ii) one-dimensional (1D) single-period wrinkles of nominal period 2.3 lm transition into the period-doubled mode when the compressive strain due to prestretch release of plasma-oxidized polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film exceeds $18%, and (iii) asymmetric two-dimensional (2D) wrinkles can be fabricated by tuning the strain state and/or the actuation path, i.e., the strain history. Thus, this tensile stage opens up the design space for fabricating and tuning complex wrinkled patterns and enables extracting empirical process knowledge via in situ visualization of wrinkle formation.

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“…film drying), in both uni-and multi-axial geometries. Whilst several film fabrication methods yield laminate structures [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] , surface modification of the substrate material is an attractive route to skin formation due to its simplicity, good adhesion inter-layer adhesion properties promoting resilience to delamination upon strain 25,[32][33][34][35] . Elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been the substrate of choice for soft lithography 36 , in part due to its optical transparency, nm-replication fidelity, surface adhesion and bulk mechanical properties, and ease of handling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-100 nm wrinkling of polydimethylsiloxane by double frontal oxidation

et al. 2017

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We demonstrate nanoscale wrinkling on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at sub-100 nm length scales via a (double) frontal surface oxidation coupled with a mechanical compression. The kinetics of the glassy skin propagation is resolved by neutron and X-ray reflectivity, and atomic force microscopy, combined with mechanical wrinkling experiments to evaluate the resulting pattern formation. In conventional PDMS surface oxidation, the smallest wrinkling patterns attainable have an intrinsic lower wavelength limit due to the coupling of skin formation and front propagation at fixed strain ε prestrain , whose maximum is, in turn, set by material failure. However, combining two different oxidative processes, an ultra-violet ozonolysis followed by air plasma exposure, we break this limit by fabricating trilayer laminates with excellent interfacial properties and a sequence of moduli and layer thicknesses able to trivially reduce the surface topography to sub-100 nm dimensions. This method provides a powerful, yet simple, non-lithographic approach to extend surface patterning from visible to the deep UV range.

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Complex micropatterning of periodic structures on elastomeric surfaces

Cited by 120 publications

References 29 publications

Stretch-induced wrinkles in reinforced membranes: From out-of-plane to in-plane structures

Stretch-induced wrinkles in reinforced membranes: From out-of-plane to in-plane structures

Design of a Compact Biaxial Tensile Stage for Fabrication and Tuning of Complex Micro- and Nano-scale Wrinkle Patterns

Sub-100 nm wrinkling of polydimethylsiloxane by double frontal oxidation

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