Complex Radionuclide Evaluation of Structural and Functional State of the Single Kidney in Children

Abstract

Summary. Introduction. The aim of the work is the determination of functioning of the single kidney (SK) by
 complex scintigraphic research with using nephrotrophic radiopharmaceuticals (NRP) of different mechanisms of elimination and the detection of its diagnostic significance.
 Materials and methods. 90 children (range 5-16 years) with SK were examined: dynamic (DRSG) and static (SRSG) scintigraphy with angiography was made them. 150 scintigraphic examinations with different NRP were made: 99mTc-DTPA (diethyleneaminopentacetate) – 51, 99mTc – PP (pyrophosphate) – 40,99mTc – DMSA (dymethylenesuccinateacetate) – 34, 99mTc MAG3 (mer- captoacetyle-3-glycine) – 15, 99mTc-EC (ethylenedicysteine) – 10. Time options of renal blood flow and transport of NRP, SGF, ERP were determined. Control group consists of15 children.
 Results.The main scintigraphic features ofSK are: presence of single kidney on scintigraphic image; slowdown of time options of renal haemodynamic, increasing of SGF and ERP of SK on 50-60 %; decreasing of standard parameters SGF and ERP on 40-50%. The slowdown of SK excretion ability is associated with retention NRP in parenchyma. Proportions of SK increase on 2-3 sm average, and size of scintigraphic picture – on 40%. The main type of renographic curve in children with SK is parenchymatose, and it is found in 50% ofpatients. The accumulation and distribution of NRP in SK in 73,3 % is quite uniform.
 Conclisions. Thus, SK in children functions in strain way of all compensation mechanisms that provide blood purification from products of vital functions, which shows the slowdown of main options of the SKfunctioning.

Organometric parameters of the remaining kidney after removal of the contralateral in immature rats

“…The remaining functioning kidney, since childhood, has compensatory hyperfiltration, which leads to kidney damage for the period of adolescence in more than 50% of patients [23]. Experimental studies have shown that male animals show a higher degree of hyperfiltration [6], elevated blood pressure [14], and higher glomerular pressure and hypertrophy of renal corpses.…”