Comportamiento espacial de la pesca artesanal en el litoral de Veracruz, México

Abstract

Artisanal fishing requires the generation of knowledge to support decision-making in the management of fisheries resources in order to achieve its sustainable use. In this sense, the delimitation of areas of fisheries exploitation has been the subject of several studies and is considered the first step in planning efforts and marine spatial planning, where the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and its application influences understanding of fisheries management. Implementing the spatial analysis, the present investigation provide an initial approach of the artisanal fishing of the 'escama marina' resource that is carried out in Veracruz coast, Mexico, considering the establishment of fishing zones and settlement of the fishing sites, the localities with the greatest resources stock in the region, the distribution of the human effort as well as the depth and operation of fishing gear. The official commercial fishing permits were reviewed for small vessels and field visits were carried out to identify main fishing cooperatives and, through the use of spatial analysis tools, established a zoning scheme divided into 3 fishing areas. Incorporating local fishermen´ knowledge, we counted a total of 164 fishing sites distributed within depth strata, in which different capture systems are implemented for fishing activity. It was found that there are areas with higher concentration of fishing effort in the coast and possible social conflict zones for the fisheries resources in certain areas, which was possible to identify through the use of spatial analysis. The results of our study could become a useful tool to support the decision-making process for the design of zoning schemes and to define other management strategies for fisheries resources in Veracruz coast.

New records of elasmobranchs (Vertebrata: Elasmobranchii) from the southwestern Gulf of Mexico

“…According to some catches in the central part of Veracruz, Heptranchias perlo is a rare species within the catch (Reyna-Matezans 2015). This is similar to that reported by fishermen in the area of this study.…”

“…It should be noted that in marine waters of the Gulf of Mexico belonging to the USA there is a greater sampling effort and work in the taxonomic diversity of the group (Jones et al 2020). There is a high number of inventories concerning of elasmobranch species associated with Mexican fisheries in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean (Castillo-Géniz et al 1998, Fuentes-Mata et al 2002, Reyna-Matezans 2015, Blanco-Parra & Niño-Towers 2022. However, the existence of various species has not been verified with photographic or physical evidence or with specimens in scientific collections.…”

“…Despite the fact that the sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus and the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier are part of the fisheries in this area (Fuentes-Mata et al 2002, Reyna-Matezans 2015 they have not been recorded in the ichthyofaunistic inventories of the Veracruz Reef System (Del Moral-Flores et al 2013, Robertson et al 2019. The main reasons for the absence both species in the records of the Veracruz Reef System in the decline of their populations over the years, before they were considered important species in the shark market in the area (Reyna-Matezans 2015), along with a poor determination of the "shark" resource in the official fishing records.…”

Landscape context and nutrients modify the effects of coastal urbanisation

“…El presente estudio representa un nuevo aporte al conocimiento de las seis especies de peces de interés comercial para la pesca artesanal de manera general y en especial para el Pacífico colombiano. Aunque se han documentados estudios relacionados con múltiples temas relacionados con las pesca artesanal como los son: caracterización de la pesca y pescadores, sus efectos en el ambiente, aspectos socioeconómicos, la pesca incidental, evaluación de artes más selectivos (Cabrera-Namora et al, 2009;Díaz-Ochoa et al, 1997;Martínez et al, 2014;Musiello-Fernandes et al, 2021;Reyna-González et al, 2019;. Sin embargo, la información de la influencia ambiental sobre las especies explotadas con fines comerciales por la pesca artesanal es incipiente.…”

Gasto tributario y el crecimiento económico del sector pesquero en el Perú

“…Precisamente, el sector pesquero en el Perú cumple un papel fundamental en la economía y la seguridad alimentaria del país, al participar activamente en la extracción y procesamiento a gran escala de recursos pesqueros, así como de la pesca artesanal, que tiene gran relevancia en la actividad (Cuba Inca et al, 2018). En algunas naciones de América Latina, la pesca y acuicultura enfrentan diversos desafíos, como mejorar las herramientas de planeamiento (Reyna González et al, 2019), la gestión respecto a la intermediación (Saavedra Gallo & Navarro Pacheco, 2020), así como la reducción de la sobreexplotación en aguas marinas (Crespo Guerrero & Jiménez Pelcastre, 2021).…”