Composite Polylactic-Methacrylic Acid Copolymer Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Methotrexate

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop poly(lactic acid)-methacrylic acid copolymeric nanoparticles with the potential to serve as nanocarrier systems for methotrexate (MTX) used in the chemotherapy of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Nanoparticles were prepared by a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique employing a 3-Factor Box-Behnken experimental design strategy. Analysis of particle size, absolute zeta potential, polydispersity (Pdl), morphology, drug-loading capacity (DLC), structural transitions through FTIR spectroscopy, and drug release kinetics was undertaken. Molecular modelling elucidated the mechanisms of the experimental findings. Nanoparticles with particle sizes ranging from 211.0 to 378.3 nm and a recovery range of 36.8–86.2 mg (Pdl ≤ 0.5) were synthesized. DLC values were initially low (12 ± 0.5%) but were finally optimized to 98 ± 0.3%. FTIR studies elucidated the comixing of MTX within the nanoparticles. An initial burst release (50% of MTX released in 24 hours) was obtained which was followed by a prolonged release phase of MTX over 84 hours. SEM images revealed near-spherical nanoparticles, while TEM micrographs revealed the presence of MTX within the nanoparticles. Stable nanoparticles were formed as corroborated by the chemometric modelling studies undertaken.

Theranostic Iron@Gold Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Hyperthermia‐Chemotherapy upon Photo‐Stimulation

“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of a C–N stretch between 1000–1350cm −1 and N–H bend between 1450–1640 cm −1 , which was indicative of the successful modification of oFe@Au NPs ( Figure A). A confirmation regarding the conjugation of MTX with oFe@Au‐SH was further obtained by uniformly mixing oFe@Au‐SH with potassium bromide (KBr) in a mortar and performing FTIR analysis, the results of which indicated the emergence of a sharp peak representing MTX at 1603 cm −1 (Figure B), as also reported by Kohler et al Additionally, the presence of a broader peak between 1700 and 2400 cm −1 is also indicative of the presence of MTX (Figure B), as shown by Sibeko et al A rather weak peak between 2400 and 2600 cm −1 (Figure B) represents the presence of the –SH functional group. Notably, the sharp bend at 2400 cm −1 in our experiments indicated the presence of the –SH functional group.…”

Influence of ZnO, SiO2 and TiO2 on the aging process of PLA fibers produced by electrospinning method

“…Another characteristic peak at 1750.8 cm −1 corresponded to C=O groups [32]. Bands at 1181.3 cm −1 and 1084.4 cm −1 can be assigned to C-O-C vibrations of ester groups [33]. After aging changes in spectra weren't Aging time/min Energy of melting/J gK -1 Energy of glass transition/J gK -1 Energy of cold recrystallisation/J gK -1 Aging time/min (Fig.…”

Survivability of encapsulated lactobacilli in high acid foods

“…Our data showed absence of high affi nity interaction between polymers in the mixture, with minimal chemical changes between the polymers during processing. This may be attributed to the anionic nature of both polymers that do not form any interactions (GULREZ et al, 2011;SIBEKO et al, 2012).…”