Composites as cracking catalysts in the production of biofuel from palm oil: Deactivation studies

Bhatia, Subhash; Mohamed, Abdul Rahman; Shah, Noor Aisyah Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2009.07.020

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Four types of zeolites (Ultrastable Y (HY), Beta (BEA), micro-crystalline ZSM-5 (MZ) and nano-crystalline ZSM-5 (NZ)) were used in the cat-alytic cracking of jatropha oil in a fixed bed reactor, and found high yield of gasoline fraction with NZ catalyst due to its moderate acidity and stacking order of mesoporosity 11) . HZSM-5/alumina with 35 wt% alumina catalyst gave higher gasoline yield and lower deactivation rate compared to microporous HZSM-5 18) . Mesoporous catalysts with AlMCM-41 (Si/Al 18) were the most active resulting in gasoline selectivity of 36 % 19) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Cracking of Soybean Oil Using Zeolite-containing Microporous and Mesoporous Mixed Catalysts with Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Sontisawate

Nasu

Hashimoto

et al. 2016

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Zeolite-containing catalysts with hierarchical structures were prepared by combining microporous zeolites (beta and Y zeolite) with mesoporous matrices (silicas and silica _ aluminas with large mesopores) prepared by the gel skeletal reinforcement method and a binder. Morphology of the prepared catalysts was characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, ammonia adsorption-desorption, and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis. Catalytic cracking of soybean oil was performed with these mixed catalysts to observe the effect of the pore size on the catalytic activity and the selectivity of products using the convenient Curie point pyrolyzer. Zeolite-containing mixed catalysts exhibited great improvements in all aspects such as maximum increase of 31 % conversion, about 10 % higher gasoline yields, and maximum decrease of 36 % coke formation in comparison with single zeolite, indicating that the presence of the matrices greatly influenced the catalytic cracking. The yields of gasoline, single branched and multi-branched hydrocarbons increased with higher conversion, indicating that increased conversion was necessary to obtain higher yields of products. In comparison of product yields at the same conversion, Y zeolite-containing catalysts exhibited the higher yields than beta (β) zeolite-containing catalysts, indicating that the larger micropore diameter of Y zeolite in the catalysts induced the increase in the gasoline fraction and promoted the isomerization to produce the bulkier products. The conversion of soybean oil increased with increasing the pore diameter for β series catalysts and the conversions were maximum for MAT (

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Cracking of Soybean Oil Using Zeolite-containing Microporous and Mesoporous Mixed Catalysts with Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Sontisawate

Nasu

Hashimoto

et al. 2016

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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“…Biofuel can be produced from vegetable oil through pyrolysis/thermal cracking (Xu et al, 2019;Fimberger et al, 2017), catalytic cracking Zhao et al, 2015;Ong and Bhatia, 2010), or plasma-assisted catalytic cracking (Istadi et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2018;Gharibi et al, 2015;Hao et al, 2015). The most favorable vegetable oil, which is used as raw material for biofuel production, is palm oil (Istadi et al, 2019;Bhatia et al, 2009), because it has a relatively equal ratio of saturated and unsaturated oil (Pande et al, 2012). It has been reported that the vegetable oil types have no significant effect on liquid product yield (Buzetzki et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Cracking of Palm Oil into Biofuels

Istadi

Riyanto

Buchori

et al. 2020

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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Plasma-assisted catalytic cracking is an attractive method for producing biofuels from vegetable oil. This paper studied the effect of reactor temperature on the performance of plasma-assisted catalytic cracking of palm oil into biofuels. The cracking process was conducted in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD)-type plasma reactor with the presence of spent RFCC catalyst. The reactor temperature was varied at 400, 450, and 500 ºC. The liquid fuel product was analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the compositions. Result showed that the presenceof plasma and catalytic role can enhance the reactor performance so that the selectivity of the short-chain hydrocarbon produced increases. The selectivity of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel range fuels over the plasma-catalytic reactor were 16.43%, 52.74% and 21.25%, respectively, while the selectivity of gasoline, kerosene and diesel range fuels over a conventional fixed bed reactor was 12.07%, 39.07%, and 45.11%, respectively. The increasing reactor temperature led to enhanced catalytic role of cracking reaction,particularly directing the reaction to the shorter hydrocarbon range. The reactor temperature dependence on the liquid product components distribution over the plasma-catalytic reactor was also studied. The aromatic and oxygenated compounds increased with the reactor temperature.©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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“…HZSM-5 catalyst is an effective catalyst for the process of cracking [1] [8]. HZSM-5 catalyst can be made from a mixture of certain chemicals by the Plank or Latourette method [3][5] [7] [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catalysts such as natural zeolite rocks have been produced by some studies [10] [11] [12]. Catalyst of HZSM-5 and its derivatives are commonly used for cracking [1] [20]. In addition, this catalyst can also be used to increase the production of glycerol [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Test of Zn HZSM-5/-alumina catalyst in Biofuel Production from RBD Stearin as a Substitute for Fossil Fuels

Budianto¹,

Sumari²,

Pambudi³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 13th International Interdisciplinary Studies Seminar, IISS 2019, 30-31 October 2019, Mala

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The use of renewable fuels is an alternative for the Indonesian government in addressing the problem of the energy conservation and environment. One of the keys to the success of the renewable fuel manufacturing process in the cracking method is the type and composition of the catalyst. This study conducted a performance test of Zn HZSM-5/-alumina (1:1) and (1:2) catalysts for stearin cracking. The reaction test was carried out at 350 to 450 ⁰C with an increase in temperature of 25 ⁰C. Stearin catalytic cracking was carried out in a fixed bed reactor that had been filled with catalysts. Stearin cracking results in a mixture of products in the vapor phase. The product was pushed and flowed through the condenser. In the condensation process a mixture of liquid and solid were produced. The liquid product was separated from the solid product, then its composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the Zn-HZSM-5/alumina catalyst (1:1) and (1:2) can be used for cracking stearin to produce biofuels. Catalyst of Zn-HZSM-5/-alumina (1:1) is better than Zn-HZSM-5/-alumina (1:2) in producing products. The highest liquid yield of 26.40 wt% is obtained when the cracking process is carried out at 450 ⁰C using a catalyst of Zn-HZSM-5/-alumina (1:1).

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Composites as cracking catalysts in the production of biofuel from palm oil: Deactivation studies

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Catalytic Cracking of Soybean Oil Using Zeolite-containing Microporous and Mesoporous Mixed Catalysts with Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Catalytic Cracking of Soybean Oil Using Zeolite-containing Microporous and Mesoporous Mixed Catalysts with Curie Point Pyrolyzer

Effect of Temperature on Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Cracking of Palm Oil into Biofuels

Performance Test of Zn HZSM-5/-alumina catalyst in Biofuel Production from RBD Stearin as a Substitute for Fossil Fuels

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