Composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of six Stachys species from Serbia

Abstract

The essential oils of Stachys scardica, S. officinalis, S. germanica, S. sylvatica, S. plumosa and S. recta were analysed by GC-MS. From more than 100 identified constituents of the oils, the sequiterpene hydrocarbons were the major components of all samples except that of S. plumosa, which was rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the oils were tested against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The essential oil of S. officinalis proved to be the most active.

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils fromCentaurea appendicigeraandCentaurea helenioides

“…The components of the oil were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with those of mass spectral libraries (NIST and Willey) and confirmed by comparison of their retention indices with data published in the literature (Adams, 2004;Flamini et al, 2002;Skaltsa et al, 2000Skaltsa et al, , 2003Jovanovic et al, 2004;Javidnia et al, 2005;Ertuğrul et al, 2003;Yayli et al, 2005). …”

“…A total of 45 and 51 compounds were identified in the hydrodistillates from both plants on the basis of a typical library search and literature data with selecting only the components showing matches exceeding 80%, which represented about 85.5 and 83.7% of the essential oils in C. appendicigera and C. helenioides, respectively (Adams, 2004;Dural et al, 2003;Ertuğrul et al, 2003;Skaltsa et al, 2000Skaltsa et al, , 2003Simiç et al, 2004;Javidnia et al, 2004Javidnia et al, , 2005Couladis et al, 2002;Fokialakis et al, 2002Fokialakis et al, , 2003Yaylı et al, 2005;Jovanovic et al, 2004;Küçük et al, 2006). The main components are completely different for both plants except for caryophyllene oxide with values of 17.1 and 18.2% in C. appendicigera and C. helenioides, respectively (Table 1).…”

“…The chemical composition of essential oils differs in each species or subspecies. The compositional studies of essential oils have been carried out extensively by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which is based on the comparison of the relative retention times/indices and mass spectra of the specific natural compounds found in an essential oil (Adams, 2004;Flamini et al, 2002;Dural et al, 2003;Skaltsa et al, 2003;Simiç et al, 2004;Javidnia et al, 2005;Yaylı et al, 2005;Fokialakis et al, 2002;Jovanovic et al, 2004;Küçük et al, 2006).…”

“…The obtained crude essential oils were then investigated by GC-MS. Identification of the compounds was made by a typical library search (NIST, WILEY) and literature comparison (Adams, 2004;Flamini et al, 2002;Dural et al, 2003;Ertuğrul et al, 2003;Skaltsa et al, 2000Skaltsa et al, , 2003Simiç et al, 2004;Javidnia et al, 2004Javidnia et al, , 2005Couladis et al, 2002;Fokialakis el al., 2002Fokialakis el al., , 2003Yaylı et al, 2005;Jovanovic et al, 2004;Küçük et al, 2006).…”

Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils fromSedum pallidumvar.bithynicumandS. spuriumgrown in Turkey

“…Retention indices of all the components were determined by Kovats method (Miller & Bruno, 2003) using n-alkanes (C 6 -C 32 ) as standards. Identification of individual components was made by comparison of their retention times with those of available analytical standards (-pinene, camphene, linalool, geraniol, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-heptadecane, and n-octadecane), and by computer searching, matching mass spectral data with those held in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Wiley libraries of mass spectra and literature comparison (Adams, 2004;Javidnia et al, 2005;Jovanovic et al, 2004;Güleç et al, 2007;Küçük et al, 2006;Skaltsa et al, 2001Skaltsa et al, , 2003Yaylı et al, 2005;Couladis et al, 2002).…”