Composition and processing of rich imported low- and high-basicity manganese ore

Effect of basicity on ferromanganese production from beneficiated low-grade manganese ore

“…The optimum basicity in this smelting of beneficiated low-grade manganese with Mn/Fe ratio 6.1 was had the same value with the smelting of medium-grade manganese ore with Mn/Fe ratio 7:1 containing high SiO2 content 2 . Si content in ferromanganese from beneficiated low-grade manganese ore, as shown in Table 6, was exceed the maximum requirement for industrial carbon ferromanganese that was 8 wt% SiO2 14 . Thus, in low basicity, that was less than 1.0, not only the Mn and Fe will react and transform to FeMn but also Si, that was reduced from SiO2, dissolved together with Fe, Mn, Si in liquid ferromanganese.…”

Effect of slag basicity in ferromanganese production using medium-grade manganese ore from East Java-Indonesia

“…Some of the experiments reported that the optimum slag basicity in producing ferromanganese from high-grade manganese ore was about 1.0–1.5 (Vorob'ev et al 2008; Lee and Tangstad 2010; Bhoi et al 2013). Nowadays, there is still limited information about the optimum slag basicity for making ferromanganese from medium-grade manganese ore.…”