Composition and properties of silver-containing calcium carbonate–calcium phosphate bone cement

Abstract

The introduction of silver, either in the liquid phase (as silver nitrate solution: Ag(L)) or in the solid phase (as silver phosphate salt: Ag(S)) of calcium carbonate-calcium phosphate (CaCO3-CaP) bone cement, its influence on the composition of the set cement (C-Ag(L) and C-Ag(S) cements with a Ca/Ag atomic ratio equal to 10.3) and its biological properties were investigated. The fine characterisation of the chemical setting of silver-doped and reference cements was performed using FTIR spectroscopy. We showed that the formation of apatite was enhanced from the first hours of maturation of C-Ag(L) cement in comparison with the reference cement, whereas a longer period of maturation (about 10 h) was required to observe this increase for C-Ag(S) cement, although in both cases, silver was present in the set cements mainly as silver phosphate. The role of silver nitrate on the setting chemical reaction is discussed and a chemical scheme is proposed. Antibacterial activity tests (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) and in vitro cytotoxicity tests (human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSC)) showed that silver-loaded CaCO3-CaP cements had antibacterial properties (anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm formation) without a toxic effect on HBMSC cells, making C-Ag(S) cement a promising candidate for the prevention of bone implant-associated infections.

Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Calcium Silicate Cements

“…Silver particles are used as alternative radiopacifier agents in calcium silicate cements (8). Silver (Ag + ) added to calcium phosphate bone cements improved physicochemical properties, such as setting time, presented anti-adhesion and antibiofilm activity and showed noncytotoxic effect with human bone cells (9).…”

Mechanical properties of self-setting composites: influence of the carboxymethylcellulose content and hydration state

“…The mineral powders brushite CaHPO 4 Á2H 2 O and vaterite CaCO 3 were synthesised as previously described [17]. The reference cement (C-REF), without polysaccharide, was prepared by mixing deionised water as the liquid phase with a solid phase composed of an equal mass of vaterite and brushite.…”

“…In this study, we worked on a calcium carbonate-calcium phosphate (CaCO 3 -CaP) mineral cementitious matrix that has already shown interesting physico-chemical and biological properties [15][16][17]. In order to improve the cohesion of the paste, we chose to introduce carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), an anionic hydrophilic polysaccharide.…”

Preparation, characterization and in vitro assessment of ibuprofen loaded calcium phosphate/gypsum bone cements

“…In order to improve resorption capability of hardened bone cements a second phase was added with the powder. For example calcium carbonate or gypsum loaded CBCs have gained increasing attention in bone fracture healing .…”