Composition and Structure Optimized BiFeO₃‐SrTiO₃ Lead‐Free Ceramics with Ultrahigh Energy Storage Performance

Abstract

capacitors), dielectric capacitors are promising candidates for advanced pulsed power applications owing to their high power density and fast charge/discharge speed. [6][7][8] Ceramic dielectrics show excellent temperature stability and mechanical robustness, are promising materials for use in extreme conditions. [9] Anti-ferroelectric ceramics (such as PbTiO 3 -and Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 -based dielectrics) display double polarization-electric field (P-E) loops, which have tremendous potential for realizing high energy density. [10][11][12] However, most of these materials are Pbbased, whose toxic nature causes a series of environmental problems. Thus, leadfree ceramics have attracted considerable attention as a replacement to Pb-based materials. [7,[13][14][15][16][17][18] Until now, the low energy storage performance (low energy storage density of <4 J cm −3 and/or inferior efficiency of <80%) of lead-free ceramic capacitors hardly meet the increasing integration and miniaturization requirements. [19][20][21][22] Thus, it is imperative to improve the energy storage performance of lead-free ceramic capacitors.As shown in the schematic of Figure 1a, the energy storage density and efficiency of the dielectric capacitors are governed by the maximum polarization (P max ), remanent polarization (P r ), and dielectric breakdown strength (E BDS ). The combination of a large P max , small P r , and high E BDS is essential for realizing ultrahigh energy storage density and efficiency. Considering that the energy loss density (W loss ) is an inevitable part of ferroelectric ceramics, the recoverable energy storage density (W rec ) and energy efficiency (η) are key parameters for evaluating the energy storage performance of nonlinear dielectric ceramic capacitors. [9,17,23] It has been reported that BiFeO 3 (BF) possesses very high spontaneous polarization (≈100 µC cm −2 ), which is superior to most perovskite ferroelectrics, including BaTiO 3 , Bi 0.

Lead-Free BiFeO3-Based Piezoelectrics: A Review of Controversial Issues and Current Research State

“…BF-ST is being studied for energy storage application. Recently, Yan et al reported the ultrahigh energy density of 9.3 J/cm 3 and excellent efficient with 90% as shown in Figure 5a,b, which is an excellent energy density property compared to the that of other lead-free system, as shown in Figure 5c [65]. Energy storage performance dependent (a) frequency, (b) temperature for 0.35BiFeO 3 -0.65SrTiO 3 ceramics.…”

“…BF-ST is being studied for energy storage application. Recently, Yan et al reported the ultrahigh energy density of 9.3 J/cm 3 and excellent efficient with 90% as shown in Figure 5a,b, which is an excellent energy density property compared to the that of other lead-free system, as shown in Figure 5c [65]. In view of these technological breakthroughs and constraints in lead-free piezoelectric solid solution systems, BF-based systems have been studied to reveal its potential to be used in applications requiring particularly high temperature and stable piezoelectric response.…”

“…Lead-free BF-based ceramics have been studied with various composition such as BF-SrTiO 3 (BF-ST), BNT-BF, BNT-BKT-BF, etc. [64][65][66][67][68][69]. BF-ST is being studied for energy storage application.…”

“…(c) The power density and applied electric field between other lead-free system and 0.35BiFeO 3 -0.65SrTiO 3 ceramics. Reprinted with the permission of [65]. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley and Sons.…”

Influences of crystallization temperature on the structure, dielectric, and energy storage characteristics of KBaSrNb5O15‐based glass–ceramics

“…[2][3][4] At present, for dielectric materials, it can mainly be divided into three categories: ceramics, polymer composites, and glassceramics. 5 Many research studies have focused on ceramics, but the applied electric field for ceramics is gener-ally lower than 400 kV/cm, [6][7][8][9][10][11] which limits the rise of energy storage and power density. Moreover, for polymer composites, the low permittivity and poor thermal stability also limit their wide applications.…”