Composition of bioactive compounds in kernel oils recovered from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) by-products: Impact of the cultivar on potential applications

Radziejewska‐Kubzdela

Mišina

et al. 2017

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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We studied the content of tocopherols, tocotrienols and carotenoids in oil extracted from the kernels of 15 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes and the associated oil yield of the studied samples. The oil yield in apricot kernels was in a wide range of 27.2-61.4% (w/w) dry weight basis. For each class of studied compounds (tocochromanols and carotenoids), a three-fold difference was found between the lowest and the highest content (78.8-258.5 and 0.15-0.53 mg/100 g of oil, respectively). γ-Tocopherol accounted for 91-94% of total tocochromanols detected in all tested samples. Lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene were the main compounds among the eight different carotenoids detected in apricot kernel oils; they comprised 76-94% of the total carotenoids content, and compositions were characteristic for specific genotypes. The oil yield and content of lipophilic antioxidants in apricot kernel oils were significantly affected by the genotype. The oil yield was negatively correlated with the total amount of tocochromanols (r = −0.910) and carotenoids (r = −0.704) in apricot kernel oils.

Section: Genotypementioning

confidence: 93%

“…), pear (Pyrus communis L.), plum (Prunus domestica L. and Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. ), sweet (Prunus avium L.) and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Principal Component Analysis (Pca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Tocopherols, Tocotrienols and Carotenoids in Kernel Oils Recovered from 15 Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Genotypes

Radziejewska‐Kubzdela

Mišina

et al. 2017

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…The fatty‐acid composition of the T. indicum seed oil was estimated using GC according to AOCS (). A detailed description of the applied instruments and procedures was reported previously (Górnaś et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of the Beneficial and Potentially Harmful Components of Trichodesma indicum Seed and Seed Oil Obtained by Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction

Picron

Pērkons

et al. 2019

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The beneficial and potentially harmful bioactive components in the seeds and seed oil of Trichodesma indicum L. (Boraginaceae) were investigated in the present study. The T. indicum seeds were rich in oil (29.0%), phenolic compounds (PC, 1881.2 mg per 100 g), and pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA, 2,702,338 ng g −1 ). Seven PC were identified in T. indicum seeds by liquid chromatographyquadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry system (LC-Q-TOF-MS). Rosmarinic acid (67%) and isomers of salvianolic acid B/E/L (26%) were the main phenolics, while melitric acid A and sebestenoid C/D constituted 6% and 1%, respectively. Only a minor part of the total PC and PA was transferred from the seeds into the oil fraction during the extraction procedure (<0.03%). The T. indicum seed oil was predominated by the following polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA):linoleic (23.2%), γ-linolenic (6.0%), α-linolenic (26.8%), and stearidonic (5.9%). High levels were also observed for oleic (26.7%) and palmitic (7.4%) acids. Additionally, notable amounts of γ-tocopherol (92% of total tocochromanols) and β-sitosterol (53% of total sterols) were found in T. indicum seed oil. The total content of tocochromanols, sterols, and carotenoids in T. indicum seed oil was 102.7, 236.0, and 0.6 mg per 100 g oil, respectively. Among 10 detected hepatotoxic PA in T. indicum seeds, intermedine/lycopsamine/indicine (90.9%), intermedine N-oxide (4.9%), and lycopsamine N-oxide (4.1%) consisted 99.9% of the total PA concentration. The T. indicum seeds should be used carefully due to the presence of PA.

“…None of these reports took into account the impact of the apricot genotype. While the utility value of the agro‐industrial by‐products obtained from the processing of stone fruit can vary considerably due to the impact of cultivar on biochemical composition of raw material …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit Pits Recovered from 14 Genotypes of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) as Potential Biodiesel Feedstock

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

Ramos²,

Montano³

et al. 2017

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Kernels recovered from fruit pits of 14 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes are tested for future application as feedstock for biodiesel production. The difference between the lowest and the highest oil yield between studied samples is over twofold and reached between 27.1 and 58.7% (w/w) dw. The oleic and linoleic acids are the two dominant fatty acids in apricot kernel oils; however, their content is affected meaningfully by the variety and amounted to 38.5–67.2 and 26.4–54.8%, respectively. Two significant correlations (p < 0.000005) are found between oil yield in kernels of different apricot genotypes and two fatty acids, oleic and linoleic (r = 0.947 and r = −0.927, respectively). The biodiesel parameters of 14 apricot genotypes are calculated empirically according to previously developed equations based on the fatty acid methyl esters composition of the potential feedstock. The European biodiesel standards of kinematic viscosity, cetane number, density, and iodine value are met for 13 investigated samples. The exception was noted for genotype HL PSŠ 5. The recorded differences between minimum and maximum value of individual biodiesel parameters calculated empirically for various apricot genotypes differed as follows: 0.20 mm2 s−1 (kinematic viscosity), 4.9 (cetane number), 0.06 MJ kg−1 (higher heating value), 0.0028 g cm−3 (density), 15.6 I2/100 g (iodine value), 1.67 °C (CFPP), and 2.15 h (induction period). The logarithmic regression model in comparison to linear regression model, better expressed the relationship between physicochemical properties of biofuel and the ΣPUFA/(ΣSFA + ΣMUFA) ratio. To confirm the usefulness of the applied empirical equations for biodiesel parameters prediction of the apricot feedstock, five cold‐pressed apricot kernel oils of different origin and with a varied composition of fatty acids are tested experimentally and compared with the values calculated empirically. Practical Applications: Apricot kernels have limited use in food industry due to a high content of the amygdalin. Therefore, application of apricot kernels as potential feedstock for the biodiesel production seems to be reasonable, especially due rich oil yield (up to even 60%). In this paper the impact of the apricot genotype on the potential application in the biodiesel industry as well as the relationship between the oil yield and apricot biodiesel quality is described. Obtained biodiesel parameters of 14 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotype oils can help estimate the economic perspectives of utilization as a potential energy source. The present study may contribute to the more targeted use of the apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernels and promotes the efficient management of the plant material and environmental sustainability. Kernels recovered from fruit pits of 14 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes are tested for future application as feedstock for biodiesel production. High oil yield 27–58.7% (w/w) dw and predomination of the oleic and linoleic acids 38.5–67.2 and 26.4–54.8%, respectively, is record...