Compositional Analysis of Coronary Artery Calcification in Dialysis Patients in vivo by Dual‐Energy Computed Tomography Angiography

Abstract

While vascular calcification is an important factor regulating prognosis in dialysis patients, its components have not been adequately studied. We analyzed in vivo components of calcification in the coronary arteries of dialysis patients using the effective atomic number from dual-energy computed tomography. In dialysis patients (hemodialysis, N = 10; peritoneal dialysis, N = 12), average of median effective atomic number was 13.8 in the hemodialysis group, and 13.7 in the peritoneal dialysis group. No significant differences were seen between groups, with calcium oxalate monohydrate identified as the most common component in each. To confirm the accuracy of this method, we investigated the composition of surgically removed calcified tissues using already established methods. Comparison with the effective atomic number from dual-energy computed tomography showed that the results of calcification analysis were the same. We concluded that calcium oxalate monohydrate might be one of the major components of coronary artery calcification in dialysis patients.

[68Ga]Ga-THP-Pam: A Bisphosphonate PET Tracer with Facile Radiolabeling and Broad Calcium Mineral Affinity

“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] Other calcium minerals such as calcium carbonate, calcium pyrophosphate and amorphous calcium phosphate have also been reported, as well as heterogeneous composition between patients. 15,18,21 Thus, it seems that calcium in these lesions is present as a mixture that may contain several non-HAp materials, summarised in Scheme 1B. The role that these non-HAp calcium minerals may have in different stages of CVD, and their potential as imaging biomarkers, remain to be elucidated.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of (Ca,Sr)[C2O4]∙nH2O Solid Solutions: Variations of Phase Composition, Crystal Morphologies and in Ionic Substitutions

“…They often form in the human body, for instance, a major part of the stones in the human urinary system consist of both [1,2]. These minerals also are found in salivary stones and other human pathogenic formations [3][4][5]. Besides, weddellite and whewellite often occur in crustose and foliose lichen thalli on the surface of Ca-bearing rocks and minerals [6][7][8][9].…”

Do Calcium‐based Phosphate binders Accelerate or Prevent Coronary Artery Calcification in Dialysis Patients?

“…Operations in JW have led to greater awareness of blood conservation and advances in blood-free surgeries (1). With the combined use of erythropoietin and self-donated blood preoperatively, or cell salvage and transfusion alternatives intraoperatively, more invasive surgeries than nephrectomy have been performed successfully without blood transfusion.…”

“…Nishizawa et al recently reported a study in a paper titled “ Compositional Analysis of Coronary Artery Calcification in Dialysis Patients In Vivo by Dual‐Energy Computed Tomography Angiography ” . We are interested in this article as their finding on calcification in dialysis patients is path breaking.…”