Comprehensive insights into the impact of pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of waste active sludge from perspectives of organic matter composition, thermodynamics, and multi-omics

Co-Metabolic Mechanism Analysis of Sulfidogenesis and Acidogenesis for Mariculture Solid Waste Treatment: Key Functional Microorganisms and Enzymes

“…12 Thus, physical, chemical, and biological methods are usually applied to accelerate the hydrolysis rate of MSW. 13 Among these methods, thermal (TH) pretreatment and alkaline fermentation (AF) are recognized as proven and reliable methods for enhancing organic waste hydrolysis. TH pretreatment could disintegrate the structure of waste sludge and provide a biodegradable substrate for fermentation.…”

“…Hydrolysis is the rate-limiting step of fermentation of MSW due to its complex structure, particulate organic matter, and cell wall . Thus, physical, chemical, and biological methods are usually applied to accelerate the hydrolysis rate of MSW . Among these methods, thermal (TH) pretreatment and alkaline fermentation (AF) are recognized as proven and reliable methods for enhancing organic waste hydrolysis.…”

Unveiling the Occurrence and Non-Negligible Role of Amino Sugars in Waste Activated Sludge Fermentation by an Enriched Chitin-Degradation Consortium

“…4,13,16 Specifically, combining high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic analysis can be further used to reveal the key bacteria in WAS for amino sugar production. 10,17 As the second most abundant biomass in nature (>10 billion tons in aquatic environments annually), chitin is a structural polymer of GlcNAc in numerous marine invertebrates, fungi, and algae. 18 Thus, chitin can be used as a structural homologue of amino polysaccharides in EPS.…”

“…Pretreatment technologies, such as thermal and chemical methods, have been proposed to promote the hydrolysis of EPS organics, but they increase the general operating cost and release recalcitrant organics. − In recent decades, biomolecular identification and characterization were developed to reveal the structures of EPS. , Gelling organics in EPS are characterized by the composition of neutral sugars, amino sugars, proteins, uronic acids, and polyphenolic compounds. , The enzymatic technique of dosing extra hydrolase, including proteinase, amylase, and lysozyme, has been developed, owing to certain advantages such as high selectivity and moderation. , But, besides dextran and protein, other components such as amino sugars and uronic acids of polygalacturonate and alginate can not be hydrolyzed by these enzymes. The humic acids in EPS can also reduce the activity of extra hydrolases dosed .…”

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, the presence of amino sugars in the EPS of WAS is rarely reported in literature reviews, and the roles of the amino-sugar-degrading consortium and its Chitinase on WAS fermentation remain unclear. The occurrence of amino sugars in EPS of WAS can be determined by combining chemical and metagenomic analysis. ,, Specifically, combining high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic analysis can be further used to reveal the key bacteria in WAS for amino sugar production. , As the second most abundant biomass in nature (>10 billion tons in aquatic environments annually), chitin is a structural polymer of GlcNAc in numerous marine invertebrates, fungi, and algae . Thus, chitin can be used as a structural homologue of amino polysaccharides in EPS.…”