Comprehensive metabolomic and proteomic analysis in biochemical metabolic pathways of rice spikes under drought and submergence stress

Zhong

et al. 2020

IJMS

Rice (Oryza sativa) responds to various abiotic stresses during growth. Plant-specific NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in controlling numerous vital growth and developmental processes. To date, 170 NAC TFs have been reported in rice, but their roles remain largely unknown. Herein, we discovered that the TF OsNAC006 is constitutively expressed in rice, and regulated by H2O2, cold, heat, abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), NaCl, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 treatments. Furthermore, knockout of OsNAC006 using the CRISPR-Cas9 system resulted in drought and heat sensitivity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) transcriptome analysis revealed that OsNAC006 regulates the expression of genes mainly involved in response to stimuli, oxidoreductase activity, cofactor binding, and membrane-related pathways. Our findings elucidate the important role of OsNAC006 in drought responses, and provide valuable information for genetic manipulation to enhance stress tolerance in future plant breeding programs.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockout of the OsNAC006 Transcription Factor Causes Drought and Heat Sensitivity in Rice

Zhong

et al. 2020

IJMS

“…The metabolites were annotated with the Fiehn or national institute of standards and technology (NIST) database. After alignment with the Statistic Compare component, raw data processing and statistical analysis were performed based on research by Ning et al [ 60 ] and Xiong et al [ 61 ], respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of GbF3′5′H1 Provides a Potential to Improve the Content of Epicatechin and Gallocatechin

Yue

et al. 2020

Molecules

The flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba L. (ginkgo) have important medicinal uses due to their antioxidant, antitumor, and blood circulation-promoting effects. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying flavonoid biosynthesis in ginkgo remain elusive. Flavonoid 3′, 5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) is an important enzyme in flavonoid synthesis. We detected a novel differentially expressed GbF3′5′H1 gene homologous to the F3′5′H enzyme involved in the flavonoid synthesis pathway through transcriptome sequencing. In this study, we characterized this gene, performed an expression analysis, and heterologously overexpressed GbF3′5′H1 in Populus. Our results showed that GbF3′5′H1 is abundant in the leaf and highly expressed during April. We also found four metabolites closely related to flavonoid biosynthesis. Importantly, the contents of 4′,5-dihydroxy-7-glucosyloxyflavanone, epicatechin, and gallocatechin were significantly higher in transgenic plants than in nontransgenic plants. Our findings revealed that the GbF3′5′H1 gene functions in the biosynthesis of flavonoid-related metabolites, suggesting that GbF3′5′H1 represents a prime candidate for future studies (e.g., gene-editing) aiming to optimize ginkgo flavonoid production, especially that of flavan-3-ols.

“…Further, an integrated metabolomic, proteomic and physiological analysis (Xiong et al, 2019a(Xiong et al, , 2019b suggested a decrease in soluble sugar levels and net photosynthetic rate upon drought stress while the activities of ROS detoxifying enzymes increased significantly. Metabolome and proteome results further supported the observation of modulation of ROS metabolism by the abrupt drought-flood alternation stress in rice (Xiong et al, 2019a(Xiong et al, , 2019b. Thus, a significant analysis of the drought responsive metabolome in tolerant and susceptible cultivars may unravel the essential fundamentals pertaining to drought stress adaptation.…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving drought tolerance in rice: Ensuring food security through multi‐dimensional approaches

Khan

Palakolanu

Chopra

et al. 2020

Physiologia Plantarum

Drought has been highly prevalent around the world especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asian countries. Consistent climatic instabilities and unpredictable rainfall patterns are further worsening the situation. Rice is a C 3 staple cereal and an important food crop for the majority of the world's population and drought stress is one of the major growth retarding threats for rice that slashes down grain quality and yield. Drought deteriorates rice productivity and induces various acclimation responses that aids in stress mitigation. However, the complexity of traits associated with drought tolerance has made the understanding of drought stress-induced responses in rice a challenging process. An integrative understanding based on physiological adaptations, omics, transgenic and molecular breeding approaches successively backed up to developing drought stress-tolerant rice. The review represents a step forward to develop drought-resilient rice plants by exploiting the knowledge that collaborates with omics-based developments with integrative efforts to ensure the compilation of all the possible strategies undertaken to develop drought stresstolerant rice. | INTRODUCTIONClimatic fluctuations in recent decades have been escalating the frequency and extremity of calamities in many parts of the world. More than 83% of the detrimental effects caused by drought occur in the agricultural sector that leads to crop loss and limited productivity, affecting food supplies and livelihood of people and has emerged as the most serious famines inducing factor across the globe (FAO, 2018). Rice is one of the major cereals and its consumption comprises over 27% of total cereal utilisation with an output of 738.2 million tons globally (FAO, 2016). Rice is a paddy field crop with more water requirement for growth and thus drought stress is considered as the major inimical that hinders rice growth, productivity and yield (Mumtaz et al., 2020).Drought stress detrimentally affects rice production by deteriorating everything from seed germination to the reproductive stages