Comprehensive study of an ancient Egyptian foot case cartonnage using Raman, ESEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR

Hussein, Aziza I.; Madkour, Fatma S.; Afifi, Hala A. M.; Abdel-Ghani, Mona; Elfatah, Mostafa Abd

doi:10.1016/j.vibspec.2019.102987

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, three white pigments were identified. Sample JYS-1-4 was calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) [34], identified by its characteristic Raman band at (Fig. 5b) at 152, 278, 1087 cm −1 and large amount of Ca (Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical study of Buddha sculptures in Jingyin temple of Taiyuan, China

et al. 2021

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With exquisite design and unique style, the painted sculptures of Tutang Buddha and two attendants Buddha in Jingyin Temple are precious cultural heritages of China. The sculpture of Tutang Buddha, which was carved from a mound and painted by ancient craftsmen, was rarely found in ancient China. However, due to natural and human factors, the sculptures were severely damaged. Obviously, they require urgent and appropriate protection and restoration. In this study, samples taken from the sculptures were analysed through multiple analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and granulometry. The analysis results enable us to infer the techniques used by the craftsmen in making the sculptures and provide a reliable evidence for the conservation and future protection of these and similar sculptures.

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Section: Analysis Of the Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical study of Buddha sculptures in Jingyin temple of Taiyuan, China

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, the acetate band is distinguished by the PC2: the GCU is the single copper acetate present in the whole data set. Other interesting vibrations are those where the silicate bands are involved: 1159 cm −1 , 1042 cm −1 , 1000 cm −1 (PC1– Figure 6 ) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. In Figure 5 , the LUMOS instrument well grouped the green pigments ( Figure 5 , green circle).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometric Tools to Point Out Benchmarks and Chromophores in Pigments through Spectroscopic Data Analyses

et al. 2021

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Spectral preprocessing data and chemometric tools are analytical methods widely applied in several scientific contexts i.e., in archaeometric applications. A systematic classification of natural powdered pigments of organic and inorganic nature through Principal Component Analysis with a multi-instruments spectroscopic study is presented here. The methodology allows the access to elementary and molecular unique benchmarks to guide and speed up the identification of an unknown pigment and its recipe. This study is conducted on a set of 48 powdered pigments and tested on a real-case sample from the wall painting in S. Maria Delle Palate di Tusa (Messina, Italy). Four spectroscopic techniques (X-ray Fluorescence, Raman, Attenuated Total Reflectance and Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopies) and six different spectrometers are tested to evaluate the impact of different setups. The novelty of the work is to use a systematic approach on this initial dataset using the entire spectroscopic energy range without any windows selection to solve problems linked with the manipulation of large analytes/materials to find an indistinct property of one or more spectral bands opening new frontiers in the dataset spectroscopic analyses.

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“…(2). The analysis indicated that the preparation layer was composed of calcite (CaCo 3 ) as a major component mixed with low percentages of calcium sulfate, gypsum (CaSo 4 .2H 2 O), and quartz (Si) [17]. FTIR on the ground layer, fig.…”

Section: The Ground Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Study of a Late Period Multi-Piece Cartonnage From the Egyptian Museum in Cairo

Ali

Abdel-Ghani

Seif

2022

Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies

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The poor conditions of storage in the basement of the Egyptian Museum were the reason for severe damage to an unknown multi-piece mummy cartonnage dating back to the Late Period . This mummy consists of five separated pieces (a mask, a pectoral, an apron, a stomach, and a foot) on canvas support topped by a ground layer decorated with green, yellow, red, black, and white colors and a gilded layer. All the pieces of the mummy cartonnage have damage in the form of separations, cracks, discoloration, tears, and brittleness in the layers of the canvas support. The research paper presents the result of an examination and analytical study for the layers' structure of the mummy cartonnage.Therefore, the Optical Microscope (LOM), visible light, Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM), EDX, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and XRF Spectroscopy were used. The results showed that canvas support made of linen in the form of four layers of thin fiber was used in the mask, stomach, and apron pieces. In contrast, one layer of thick fiber canvas was used in other pieces (mask, foot, and pectoral). The ground layer consisted of calcium carbonate, traces of gypsum, and quartz. The painted layer included Egyptian green, malachite, hematite, goethite, goethite with orpiment, graphite, and under layer of Egyptian blue below the green, red, and yellow pigments in a unique technique, especially in the pectoral and foot pieces. It was also noted that animal glue was used in all pigments and colors as a binding medium.

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Comprehensive study of an ancient Egyptian foot case cartonnage using Raman, ESEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Analytical study of Buddha sculptures in Jingyin temple of Taiyuan, China

Analytical study of Buddha sculptures in Jingyin temple of Taiyuan, China

Chemometric Tools to Point Out Benchmarks and Chromophores in Pigments through Spectroscopic Data Analyses

An Analytical Study of a Late Period Multi-Piece Cartonnage From the Egyptian Museum in Cairo

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