Comprehensive Study of the Influence of Altered Gravity on the Oxidative Burst of Mussel (Mytilus edulis) Hemocytes

Unruh, Eckehardt; Brungs, Sonja; Langer, Samantha; Bornemann, Gerhild; Frett, Timo; Hansen, Peter-Diedrich

doi:10.1007/s12217-015-9438-9

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This rotation keeps the cells in suspension, as sedimentation is avoided and the gravity vector is continuously randomized (Brungs et al 2016a). 2D clinostats are used for simulating microgravity for small biosystems such as cells, unicellular organisms, mussels, fish and others (Brungs et al 2016a;Unruh et al 2016).…”

Section: D Clinostat and Random Positioning Machine -Modes Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigators have used chemoluminescence assays to quantify the amount of produced ROS in different cell types, in order to ascertain the influence of gravity on this crucial host-defense mechanism. Huber et al (2006) established the methodology of luminol measurement in rodent alveolar macrophages, whereas Unruh et al (2016) used the same assay to measure the ROS production in blue mussel hemocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horn and colleagues developed a clinostat, capable of simulating microgravity on ground and in combination with a photomultiplier tube (PMT) to measure online the light emitted by the cells which is corresponding to the amount of ROS production (Horn et al 2011). This breakthrough enabled real time measurements of ROS production in immune cells under altered gravity conditions and provided the ideal preparation for the TRIPLE LUX A & B space experiments Ullrich et al 2017;Unruh et al 2016). Adrian et al (2013) utilized the photomultiplier clinostat (PMT-clinostat) (Horn et al 2011) to study the influence of simulated microgravity (clinorotation) on the ROS production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of Random Positioning Versus Clinorotation Using a Macrophage Model System

Brungs

Hauslage

Hemmersbach

2019

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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Clinostats and Random Positioning Machines (RPMs) are valuable devices for microgravity simulations in order to study fundamental gravity-dependent mechanisms on ground and in preparation for space flights. Both devices have different modes of operation, which have to be carefully considered and comprehensively discussed with respect to their potential impact on the quality of (simulated) microgravity. Here, we used the well-studied oxidative burst reaction of the immune cell (macrophage) model system, in order to compare clinorotation with random positioning. The RPM was used in a clinorotation mode, rotating the sample with 60 rpm around the horizontal axis and in the "random speed mode" (2-10 rpm) with and without random direction, thus, two axes rotating either bi-or unidirectionally. The production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) during oxidative burst of the macrophages was visualized by the luminescence luminol assay. During clinorotation the cells responded with a reduction of the ROS production which is fully in line with earlier studies (clinostat, parabolic flight). In contrast, the exposure to the two random positioning modes showed that the oxidative burst response during RPM-exposure differs significantly from that observed during clinorotation, i.e. a jittering, more variant form of ROS production. We can conclude from our work, that the RPM is not suitable in its real random mode (with and without random direction; 2-10 rpm) to simulate the conditions of microgravity for the chosen system. We recommend that investigators using microgravity simulators should carefully choose the device and mode of operation specifically for their cellular system of interest.

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Section: D Clinostat and Random Positioning Machine -Modes Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of Random Positioning Versus Clinorotation Using a Macrophage Model System

Brungs

Hauslage

Hemmersbach

2019

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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“…The clinostat is an important tool for investigating the graviresponse of plants and, in particular, the impact of microgravity, thus being a useful complement to space experiments. It was designed to be applied in plants for their slow gravitropic response [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] but nowadays is also used in experiments with animals and in vitro cell cultures [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Since the first use of clinostat in plant studies [ 25 , 27 , 28 ] gravitropism was extensively studied and today is much better understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Graviresponse and Biological Effects of Vertical and Horizontal Clinorotation in Arabidopsis thaliana Root Tip

Villacampa

Sora

Herranz

et al. 2021

Plants

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Clinorotation was the first method designed to simulate microgravity on ground and it remains the most common and accessible simulation procedure. However, different experimental settings, namely angular velocity, sample orientation, and distance to the rotation center produce different responses in seedlings. Here, we compare A. thaliana root responses to the two most commonly used velocities, as examples of slow and fast clinorotation, and to vertical and horizontal clinorotation. We investigate their impact on the three stages of gravitropism: statolith sedimentation, asymmetrical auxin distribution, and differential elongation. We also investigate the statocyte ultrastructure by electron microscopy. Horizontal slow clinorotation induces changes in the statocyte ultrastructure related to a stress response and internalization of the PIN-FORMED 2 (PIN2) auxin transporter in the lower endodermis, probably due to enhanced mechano-stimulation. Additionally, fast clinorotation, as predicted, is only suitable within a very limited radius from the clinorotation center and triggers directional root growth according to the direction of the centrifugal force. Our study provides a full morphological picture of the stages of graviresponse in the root tip, and it is a valuable contribution to the field of microgravity simulation by clarifying the limitations of 2D-clinostats and proposing a proper use.

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“…A submersed clinostat (Figure 2c) was developed to study the effect of microgravity on underwater organisms [41]. In this clinostat, tubes are submerged in water and rotated underwater to simulate microgravity [42]. Studies showed that aquatic organisms are also affected by the gravity of the earth [43][44][45].…”

Section: Clinostatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lab-On-a-Chip Technologies for Microgravity Simulation and Space Applications

Vashi¹,

Sreejith²,

Nguyen³

2022

Preprint

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Gravity played an important role in the development of life on earth. The effect of gravity on a living organisms can be investigated by controlling the magnitude of gravity. Most reduced gravity experiments are conducted on the lower earth orbit (LEO) in the International Space Station (ISS). However, running experiments in ISS face challenges such as high cost, extreme condition, lack of direct accessibility, and long waiting period. Therefore, researchers have developed various ground-based devices and methods to perform reduced gravity experiments. However, the search for life outside the earth requires more intensive research. Advancements in conventional methods and the development of new tools are required for this purpose. The advantages of Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) devices make them an attractive option for simulating microgravity. This paper briefly reviews the advancement of LOC technologies for simulating microgravity in a earth-based laboratory.

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Comprehensive Study of the Influence of Altered Gravity on the Oxidative Burst of Mussel (Mytilus edulis) Hemocytes

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Validation of Random Positioning Versus Clinorotation Using a Macrophage Model System

Validation of Random Positioning Versus Clinorotation Using a Macrophage Model System

Analysis of Graviresponse and Biological Effects of Vertical and Horizontal Clinorotation in Arabidopsis thaliana Root Tip

Lab-On-a-Chip Technologies for Microgravity Simulation and Space Applications

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