Comprehensive suspect screening for the identification of contaminants of emerging concern in urine of Flemish adolescents by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry

Investigation of in vitro biotransformation of tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and confirmation in human urine

“…No MS/MS spectra could be obtained for this compound in urine samples, due to low concentrations and poor intrinsic response. However, the retention time of BCIPP in the sample could be confirmed with the retention time of an injected standard resulting in level 2c confidence ( Roggeman et al, 2022 ).…”

Comprehensive investigation of persistent and mobile chemicals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in urine of flemish adolescents using a suspect screening approach

“…The Flemish adolescents' spot urine samples investigated in this study were selected from the biobanked samples (n = 428, 14-15 years old adolescents; kept at -20℃) collected between September 2017 and June 2018 in the frame of the FLEHS IV reference biomonitoring study (2016-2020; approved by the Ethical Committee of the University Hospital of Antwerp, Belgium; Belgian Registry Number: B300201732753). The subset of samples (n = 83) were selected on the exposure load (high and low) calculated based on earlier quantitative analysis of 45 environmental chemicals (Buekers et al, 2021;Schoeters et al, 2022), such as phthalates and alternative plasticizers (Bastiaensen et al, 2021a), organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) and plasticizers (Bastiaensen et al, 2021b), bisphenol analogues (Gys et al, 2021), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (Verheyen et al, 2021).…”

“…Detailed information on exposure load calculation method is described in Roggeman et al (2022;submitted). Final selection of urine samples of this study consisted of 44 and 39 participants from high and low exposure load groups, respectively, with inclusion of 17 female and 27 male in the high exposure load group and 19 females and 20 males in the low exposure load group.…”

Identification of Transformation Products of Organic UV Filters by Photooxidation and Their Differential Estrogenicity Assessment

“…Organic UV filters (OUVFs) are prevalently employed in a wide range of industrial and personal care products, owing to their UV-blocking properties. Consequentially, they have been detected in a variety of environmental matrices, including wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, surface water, indoor dust, aquatic organisms, human urine, blood, and breast milk. − Meanwhile, their relevant TPs and metabolites have been increasingly captured through nontarget screening efforts. − However, the photostability of OUVFs has been questioned, as some of them have been proven to undergo photoisomerization, tautomerization, and fragmentation reactions upon UV radiation, thereby reducing the photoprotection efficacy . Another public concern is the potential toxicity exerted by these compounds, with particular attention on their endocrine-disrupting effects. , Furthermore, certain OUVFs occur naturally as a physical mixture of isomers, such as ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC) in the cis - and trans -forms, and variations in the relevant toxicity have been proposed …”