Compression Tests on Cylinders with Circumferential Weld Depressions

Imperfection sensitivity of thin elastic cylindrical shells subject to partial axial compression

“…Higher amplitudes lead to even longer critical wavelengths (Rotter, 2004). Berry et al (2000) measured the form of the weld imperfection in their fabricated specimens and found that the actual halfwavelength, with 90% confidence limits was given by…”

Buckling behaviour of large steel cylinders with patterned welds

“…As a result, researchers [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] have focussed their attention on the effect of continuous circumferential weld depressions on buckling strength, with the meridional welds considered to be unimportant. These studies have led to the conclusion that the circumferential weld depressions are severely detrimental and lead to the lowest buckling strength among practically credible forms of imperfections.…”

Analysis of geometric imperfections in full-scale welded steel silos

“…Thus, the full-wave Fourier series (FWG), which is needed for circumferential variations (e.g. [7,33])…”