Compressive Force Induces VEGF Production in Periodontal Tissues

Abstract

During orthodontic tooth movement, the activation of the vascular system in the compressed periodontal ligament (PDL) is an indispensable process in tissue remodeling. We hypothesized that compressive force would induce angiogenesis of PDL through the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We examined the localization of VEGF in rat periodontal tissues during experimental tooth movement in vivo, and the effects of continuous compressive force on VEGF production and angiogenic activity in human PDL cells in vitro. PDL cells adjacent to hyalinized tissue and alveolar bone on the compressive side showed marked VEGF immunoreactivity. VEGF mRNA expression and production in PDL cells increased, and conditioned medium stimulated tube formation. These results indicate that continuous compressive force enhances VEGF production and angiogenic activity in PDL cells, which may contribute to periodontal remodeling, including angiogenesis, during orthodontic tooth movement.

Biomechanical force induces the growth factor production in human periodontal ligament-derived cells

“…However, it is necessary to clarify the significance of growth factor production induced by mechanical stress in hPDL cells in the future. Miyagawa et al [5] reported that compressive forces induce VEGF production in periodontal tissues. Li and colleagues [24] have reported that compressive forces induce FGF-2 expression in periodontal ligament.…”

“…The changes in these cytokines expression are involved in PDL remodeling. Furthermore, it has been reported that several types of mechanical force induce the expression or production of growth factors in hPDL cells [5][6][7]. It has been reported that epidermal growth factor increased the number of PDL cells [8,9].…”

Analisis Vegf Pada Pergerakan Gigi Ortodonti Setelah Pemberian Seduhan Kopi Robusta ( Coffeacanephora)

“…VEGF diketahui menjadi faktor angiogenesis diproduksi oleh berbagai jenis sel termasuk fibroblas, sel otot polos, kondrosit hipertrofi, osteoblas dan lain-lain. VEGF immunoreactivity ditemukan dalam sel endotel vaskular, dalam fibroblas yang berdekatan dengan jaringan hialinisasi, sebuah daerah nekrotik di daerah tekanan pada osteoblas, osteoklas, dan sel mononuklear (Miyagawa, 2009).…”

Radiographical and Histological Study by Applying Laser on Bone Remodeling in Experimental Tooth Movement

“…Bone remodelling is a process of both bone resorption on the pressure site and bone formation on the tension site 9. Orthodontic tooth movement can be controlled by the size of the applied force and the biological responses from the PDL .The force applied on the teeth will cause changes in the microenvironment around the PDL due to alterations of blood flow 10 , leading to the secretion of different inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, growth factors, neurotransmitters, colony-stimulating factors, and arachidonic acid metabolites 11 . As a result of these secretions, remodelling of the bone occurs .The most important growth factor is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), this protein is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family and encodes a protein that is often found as a disulfide linked homodimer.…”