Compromised periodontal status could increase mortality for patients with COVID-19

Gupta, Shipra; Saarikko, Miina; Pfützner, Andreas; Räisänen, Ismo T.; Sorsa, Timo

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00065-2

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…COVID‐19‐related adverse outcomes seemed to have an association with the severity of periodontitis, this is in agreement with a few previous studies suggesting a similar relationship (Gupta, Saarikko et al, 2022 ; Gupta, Sorsa et al, 2022 ; Marouf et al, 2021 ). Chest findings on CT scans are fast emerging as a standardized methodology to diagnose COVID‐19 infections in patients who have tested negative on RT‐PCR but otherwise remain symptomatic in favor of COVID‐19 (Pakdemirli et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Of late, numerous hypotheses and some studies have suggested the possibility of a link between periodontal disease and COVID‐19 adverse outcomes (Gupta & Sahni 2020 ; Gupta, Saarikko et al, 2022 ; Gupta, Mohindra et al, 2022 ; Gupta, Sorsa et al, 2022 ; Sahni & Gupta, 2020 ). In fact, SARS‐CoV‐2 has also been recovered from GCF, further strengthening its rationale to be utilized as a diagnostic fluid (Gupta, Mohindra et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a noninvasive aMMP‐8 point‐of‐care diagnostic methodology in COVID‐19 patients with periodontal disease

Gupta

Mohindra

Singla

et al. 2022

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objectives The aim of this study was to validate an active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP‐8) point‐of‐care diagnostic tool in COVID‐19 patients with periodontal disease. Subjects, Materials, and Methods Seventy‐two COVID‐19‐positive and 30 COVID‐19‐negative subjects were enrolled in the study. Demographic data were recorded, periodontal examination carried out, and chairside tests run for evaluating the expression of active MMP‐8 (aMMP‐8) in the site with maximum periodontal breakdown via gingival crevicular fluid sampling as well as via a mouth rinse‐based kit for general disease activity. In COVID‐19‐positive patients, the kits were run again once the patients turned COVID‐19 negative. Results The overall (n = 102) sensitivity/specificity of the mouthrinse‐based kits to detect periodontal disease was 79.41%/36.76% and that of site‐specific kits was 64.71%/55.88% while adjusting for age, gender, and smoking status increased the sensitivity and specificity (82.35%/76.47% and 73.53%/88.24, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for the adjusted model revealed very good area under the ROC curve 0.746–0.869 (p < .001) and 0.740–0.872 (p < .001) (the aMMP‐8 mouth rinse and site‐specific kits, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed in the distribution of results of aMMP‐8 mouth rinse test (p = .302) and aMMP‐8 site‐specific test (p = .189) once the subjects recovered from COVID‐19. Conclusions The findings of the present study support the aMMP‐8 point‐of‐care testing (PoCT) kits as screening tools for periodontitis in COVID‐19 patients. The overall screening accuracy can be further increased by utilizing adjunctively risk factors of periodontitis. The reported noninvasive, user‐friendly, and objective PoCT diagnostic methodology may provide a way of stratifying risk groups, deciding upon referrals, and in the institution of diligent oral hygiene regimens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a noninvasive aMMP‐8 point‐of‐care diagnostic methodology in COVID‐19 patients with periodontal disease

Gupta

Mohindra

Singla

et al. 2022

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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“…1.1.529 (Omicron) variant is the fth and up to now, the last VOC possessing about 40 mutations containing one mutation in E protein, 3 mutations in M protein, 6 mutations in N protein, and more than 30 changes in S protein. It has been identi ed in November 2021 in South Africa and increased infectivity and higher potential of stimulating the immune response was displayed in such variant by the virtue of high quantity of mutations (10). These ndings highlight the importance of mutations pattern affecting the COVID 19 prevalence, infectivity, and mortality rate among different countries which needs to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mutational insights among the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2; comprehensive analyses in the six continents

Abavisani

Rahimian

Mahdavi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Mutations among the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to the emergence of new variants with different features in mortality and sensitivity toward drugs and vaccines. Here we aimed to investigate the mutations among structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 globally.Methods: We analyzed samples of amino-acid sequences (AASs) for envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), and spike (S) proteins from declaration the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) as pandemic to January 2022. Then, the existence of mutations and their locations have been considered by the sequence alignment to the reference sequence, categorized based on frequency and continent. Finally, the related human genes with the viral structural genes have been discovered, and their interactions have been reported.Results: The results indicated that the most relative mutations among the E, M, N, and S AASs happened in the regions of 7 to 14, 66 to 88, 164 to 205, and 508 to 635 AAs, respectively. The most frequent mutations in E, M, N, and S proteins were concluded as T9I, I82T, R203M/R203K, and D614G. D614G is the most frequent mutation in all six geographical areas. Following D614G, L18F, A222V, E484K, and N501Y rank second to fifth most frequent mutations in S protein globally. Besides, A-kinase Anchoring Protein 8 Like (AKAP8L) has been shown as the linkage unit between M, E, and E cluster genes.Conclusion: Screening the mutations of structural proteins can help scientists introduce better drug and vaccine development strategies.

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“…The seemingly inseparable relationship between the oral cavity and COVID-19 becomes further manifested in the light of the proven clinical association between the presence of periodontal disease and the occurrence of adverse COVID-19-related outcomes [109][110][111][112]. It has been observed that increased severity of periodontal disease led to a commensurate increase in the necessitation of ventilation (odds ratio 7.45), an odds ratio of 14.58 of succumbing to the disease, an odds ratio of 36.52 for admission to a hospital, and that of 4.42 of suffering from pneumonia-related to COVID-19 [109].…”

Section: Ammp-8 As An Integral Part Of Perio-covid-19 Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

aMMP-8 Oral Fluid PoC Test in Relation to Oral and Systemic Diseases

Sorsa

Nwhator

Sakellari

et al. 2022

Front. Oral. Health

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The manuscript uses the previously published literature and highlights the benefits of active-matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP)-8 chairside/point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tools as adjunctive measures in oral and systemic diseases. Previous studies suggest that as a biomarker, aMMP-8 is more precise than total MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-13, MMP-7, MMP-1, calprotectin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), human neutrophil elastase (HNE), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and bleeding of probing (BOP). Therefore, aMMP-8 could be implemented as the needed key biomarker for the new disease classification for both periodontitis and peri-implantitis. With a sensitivity to the tune of 75–85% and specificity in the range of 80–90%, lateral flow aMMP-8 PoC testing is comparable to catalytic protease activity assays for aMMP-8. The test can be further applied to estimate the glycemic status of an individual, to ascertain whether a person is at risk for COVID-19, in managing the oral side effects of radiotherapy carried in head and neck cancers, and in selected cases pertaining to reproductive health. In the future, aMMP-8 could find application as a potential systemic biomarker in diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, cancers, bacteremia, sepsis, diabetes, obesity, meningitis, as well as pancreatitis. The aMMP-8 PoCT is the first practical test in the emerging new dental clinical field, that is, oral clinical chemistry representing oral medicine, clinical chemistry, peri-implantology, and periodontology.

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Compromised periodontal status could increase mortality for patients with COVID-19

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Validation of a noninvasive aMMP‐8 point‐of‐care diagnostic methodology in COVID‐19 patients with periodontal disease

Validation of a noninvasive aMMP‐8 point‐of‐care diagnostic methodology in COVID‐19 patients with periodontal disease

Mutational insights among the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2; comprehensive analyses in the six continents

aMMP-8 Oral Fluid PoC Test in Relation to Oral and Systemic Diseases

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