This special issue of BMC Genomics presents works in the broad field of genomics as discussed at the "Century of Human Population Genetics" conference in Moscow in May 2019, held at Moscow State University (http:// centenary-popgene.com/). The Conference discussed the current research of gene pools of the world's nations, analysis of ancient DNA, judicial possibilities of human genetics, developemngt of population genetic databases, biobanks, as well as a set of newest additions to the toolbox of genomics technologies. It was an unique event, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the first human population study performed in 1919, way before a function of DNA was discovered. This journal issue also contains materials on human genomics and computational genetics presented at the "Systems Biology and Bioinformatics" (SBB-2019), a School for the Young Scientists held in Novosibirsk, Russia. Since 2008, this traditional school on bioinformatics is organized annually, under joint guidance of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Novosibirsk State University (http://conf.bionet.nsc.ru/sbb2019/en/) [1, 2]. Traditionally, the Program Committee selects best conference materials for subsequent publications in BMC Genomics and related journals of BioMed Central [3-6]. The SBB Schools in Novosibirsk are the satellite events for the larger BGRS\SB (Bioinformatics of Genome