“…The sliding-interface technique was originally developed in [23] in the context of Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) [39,45], and successfully applied to simulate offshore wind turbines in [24,43,51,52], hydraulic arresting gears in [90], and kayak propulsion in [91]. The sliding-interface formulation was recently extended to the space-time (ST) VMS method [70,72,[75][76][77][78]80], and the extension is called the "ST Slip Interface (ST-SI)" method [79,82,84,85].…”